NO. I ARCHITECTURE OF PUEBLO BONITO — JUDD 187 



was no recess present. Two one-time dwellings, 228 and 229, were 

 sacrificed to provide at second-story level a ventilator shaft for 

 reconstructed Kiva C. 



Although its ventilating system deviated slightly from normal, the 

 crib work of Kiva B followed local custom in every particular : low 

 pilasters as basal supports for a domed ceiling; paired logs between 

 alternate pairs of pilasters and an additional timber introduced in 

 the fourth layer. Of those measurable, length varied from 10 feet 

 5 inches in the lowest tier to 13 feet in the fourth. Here, in Kiva B, 

 for the only instance in my experience, barked willows appeared be- 

 tween logs in the fourth layer. And here for the first time we noted 

 olivellas with bits of turquoise inserted under the lip to keep the 

 beads in line. 



Behind the cribwork, close against the wall masonry and in a groove 

 averaging 3 inches deep, the builders of Kiva B placed a sort of 

 wainscoting of hand-hewn planks set upright and packed with bunch- 

 grass laid horizontally (pi. 63, upper). Although none exceeded 34 

 inches in height, planks nearest the pilasters were best preserved; 

 in general, wall masonry above the 37-inch level was burned and 

 smoke-stained. 



This wainscoting of hewn planks was repeated in Kivas C and F. 

 Those in C averaged 20 inches high ; stood in a 5 -inch channel. Poles 

 about 2 inches in diameter replaced planks in G, L, M, N, R, S, T, 

 and 16. In every instance, poles or planks, bunchgrass had been 

 packed behind. A sample from Kiva M, best preserved, was identi- 

 fied in 1933 by the late A. S. Hitchcock, principal botanist, U, S. 

 Department of Agriculture, as Orysopsis hymenoides (Roem. and 

 Schult.) Ricker, "mountain rice grass" or "sand bunch-grass." The 

 same filler was included in the ceiling of Old Bonitian Room 3d. 



As to the purpose of these upright poles and planks and the grass 

 behind them, I have no further data to offer, no theory to propound. 

 H the combination be an inheritance from the past — poles occur re- 

 peatedly on the bench or at floor edge in Pueblo I pit-dwellings 

 north of the San Juan River and 22 were counted in the remaining 

 half of a P, I, house in Chaco Canyon (Judd, 1924, p, 405) — it is 

 to be recalled that no vestige of either plank or pole remains in the 

 P. n kivas of which we have record at Pueblo Bonito. With local 

 pilasters rarely more than 9 inches high, very little of the wainscoting 

 would be visible beneath the cribwork ; hence ornamentation was not 

 a factor, 



Kiva 2-D, cited above, does not look like a kiva but can be noth- 



