NO. I ARCHITECTURE OF PUEBLO BONITO — JUDD 201 



of the remaining five masonry steps increased their tread to about 1 1 

 inches. Three poles only, without accompanying masonry, divided 

 the 21 inches between the sixth step and the floor of 148 (fig. 16a). 

 These cedar foretreads had all rotted, but their positions were clearly 

 indicated and we replaced each one. 



The "altar" in 1921 measured 4 feet 5 inches long, 11^ inches wide, 

 and 13 inches high. It was of masonry and presumably was formerly 

 plastered. It stands a bit off center in 148 and not quite parallel 

 with the north side. 



The enormous roof of Kiva A had rested upon four masonry 

 pillars. That at the southwest, best preserved of the four, measured 

 8 feet 9 inches on the north, 5^ feet on the east, 7 feet 8 inches on 

 the south, and 5 feet 7 inches on the west. In thickness the four 

 sides varied from 14 inches on the south and west to 22 inches on 

 the east. They were finished on the outside and the space within 

 was filled wMth a rubblework strengthened by close-lying cedar poles 

 that extended through from one exterior to the other. These poles 

 were in alternating layers about 9 inches apart, north-south, east-west. 



At floor level the east side of this composite pillar overhung by 

 4 inches a cylindrical base of rough stonework built in a dug hole 

 4 feet 3 inches deep, the space between pillar and bank being filled 

 with shale chips. Opposite, under the northwest corner, we came 

 upon the exposed portion of a large stone incorporated in the foun- 

 dation. It was 7^ inches thick, its edge had been rounded by batter- 

 ing, it may have been 2^ feet in diameter. I did not explore further 

 because it seemed to me the knowledge to be gained could not justify 

 destruction of the overlying masonry and that of the vault adjoining. 

 South of this stone and a foot above the kiva floor a casual wedge of 

 mud and rock joined pillar and the lower bench. 



The other three pillars differed from that at the southwest in over- 

 all dimensions but were otherwise very much alike. Each was quad- 

 rangular and stood upon a cylindrical foundation of coarse stonework 

 built in a hole 3 to 4 feet deep and packed about with shale chips. 

 Like that at the southwest, the southeast pillar was reen forced with 

 cedar poles in alternating layers and its foundation, only 34 inches 

 high, came to within 3 inches of the floor; its near corner rose 28 

 inches from the lower (a) bench. The two northern columns both 

 evidenced reconstruction ; both stood above the remains of earlier 

 structures ; both had finally collapsed into low piles of clay and rock. 



Based on personal notes and on photographs made by the Museum 

 of New Mexico shortly after excavation of Great Kiva A, Gordon 



