NO. I ARCHITECTURE OF PUEBLO BONITO — JUDD 211 



as in the case of Kliva A, contained 3 or 4 feet of wind-blown sand 

 and silt in which chico brush had taken root. Building stones fallen 

 from the enclosing masonry had collected around the edge but there 

 was no evidence of a neighborhood dump. Other than the 23 milling 

 stones and fragments found along the eastern side we recovered less 

 than a dozen discarded stone implements throughout the fill. One of 

 these was part of a notched cobblestone ax, noteworthy only because 

 axes of any sort, irrespective of quality, are exceedingly rare at 

 Pueblo Bonito. 



Normally an excessive number of miscellaneous potsherds will 

 identify a former trash pile but, in my opinion, out- worn and dis- 

 carded household implements provide stronger evidence. Only a 

 handful of such tools was found in Kiva Q while the sherds num- 

 bered 4,527. Among these Roberts and Amsden counted 3 as pre- 

 Pueblo ; the remainder as Old Bonitian or Late Bonitian, the latter 

 preponderant with 24.9 percent Corrugated Coil and 11.8 percent 

 Chaco-San Juan or Mancos Black-on-White. In addition there were 

 scattered over much of the floor, and directly upon it, bits of squared 

 claystone and turquoise — pieces from one or more treasured mosaic 

 ornaments, crushed beyond repair. 



Great Kiva Q had its predecessor, a completely razed structure we 

 came upon unexpectedly in 1925 while digging a West Court ex- 

 ploratory trench. Only remnants of the north and south benches, parts 

 of two pillars and the vaults between, and an irregular floor at depth 

 of 10 feet 2 inches remained for our study. In the portion we ex- 

 posed, practically every facing stone had been removed ; hence we had 

 but little on which to judge the age of that ruin. I guessed the razed 

 stonework to have been of our third-type but it is more likely to have 

 been second-type and an early project of Late Bonitian architects. 



Our profile of that deep-lying remnant (fig. 7) is self-explanatory; 

 details would be uninteresting and superfluous. With two bench 

 points already known, we deliberately cut a third and from the three 

 estimated floor diameter at 53 feet, hence the largest of known super- 

 kivas at Pueblo Bonito. More precise information would have been 

 desirable but, with 10 feet of packed clay to penetrate, one can be 

 content with less. Marks of digging tools were still plain upon the 

 clay bank at two points on the periphery of the 69- foot pit prepared 

 for that Great Kiva and, just outside its former south wall, a pre- 

 viously undisturbed Old Bonitian rubbish pile 12 feet deep invited 

 the stratigraphic study through which Roberts and Amsden con- 

 tributed so greatly to the history of Pueblo Bonito and Chaco Canyon. 



