100 NOTES ON GEOCICHLA INNOTATA, BLYTH. 



one young in first plumage, labelled Captain Wimberley, 

 December 1873 to February 1874. The seven adults all agree 

 in having the colour of the head a rich dark orange chestnut, 

 as rich but slightly darker than in G, rubecula, Grould, from 

 Java. In all of them the white chin and upper throat is very 

 conspicuous, but less so than in G. cyanota, Jard. The rest of 

 the under-parts, except the vent and under tail-coverts, are 

 similar in colour to those of G. layardi, Wald., from Ceylou, 

 that is intermediate between those of G. rubecula, Gould, and 

 those of G. citri?ia, (Lath.), G. andamanensis, Wald., and G. 

 innotata, Blyth. These seven examples vary in length of wing 

 from 4*2 to 3*9, and have the second primary shorter than tha 

 sixth. 



Geocichla andamanensis, Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist, 1874, 

 p. 156. Hume ; Stray Feathers, IV., p. 289, is represented by 

 21 skins, collected by Mr. Wardlaw-Ramsay and Captain 

 Wimberley on the Andaman Islands, the former collection con- 

 taining six males and two females obtained in March, April, 

 and May 1873, and the latter five males and five females ob- 

 tained from September 1873 to May 1874, The other three 

 skins are labelled — one Andamans, and the other two Java, These 

 skins vary slightly inter se, but agree in being darker and 

 browner on the head than G. citrina, Lath., but not quite so 

 dark, and not nearly so rich as G. innotata, Blyth, and G. 

 albogularis, Blyth. These skins vary from 4'2 to 3*8 in length 

 of wing, and have the second primary shorter than the sixth. 



In all three species in what I presume must be young 

 birds, there are traces of dark edges to the ear-coverts. This 

 is specially noticeable in the young in first (spotted) plumage 

 from the Nicobars. The white on the vent appears to be a 

 variable character, in some skins being confined to the under 

 tail-coverts. 



In the Tweeddale collection is also a skin of Geocichla trico- 

 lor, Hume, and I have since obtained a second through the 

 kindness of Captain Elwes. Both these skins were collected 

 by Dr. Day in Assam. The latter is figured in the P. Z. S., 

 where I have taken an opportunity of correcting the error 

 into which I fell from not having previously seen a skin of the 

 fully adult male of this handsome Thrush. It is not a Geo- 

 cichla, as an examination of the under surface of the wing will 

 .show ; but is, I have not the shadow of a doubt, the fully adult 

 male of Geocichla dissimilis, Blyth, and will stand as Turdus 

 dissimilis, Blyth. It appears that the female and immature 

 male of this species are indistinguishable from those of Turdus 

 hortulanus, Sclater. The Siberian bird will probably be iden- 

 tical with the Chinese bird, but until an adult male of the 



