THE BIRDS OF GILGIT. 329 



Thi9 Redstart is said to breed higher up the valley, in Yassin, 

 at an elevation of 8,000 feet. 



86.— Ruticilla frontalis, Vig. (503). 



A summer visitor, appears in April and remains up in high 

 ground about 9,000 to 10,000 feet, being only once Been in 

 Gilgit during some heavy weather in April. 



The male in breeding plumage loses the terminal brown 

 edgings to the feathers of the head, back, throat, and breast, 

 these parts becoming uniform dusky cyaneous, while on the 

 feathers of the throat and breast a lazuline sheen appears. 



In a young bird of the year the entire head, back, and 

 breast are deep brown, each feather centred with rufous fawn 

 colour, more largely on the breast than on the back ; the 

 wings are nearly black, the secondaries narrowly, and the 

 tertiaries and greater coverts broadly, edged with bright 

 rufous; abdomen, rufescent fawn colour; upper and lower tail- 

 coverts and tail as in the female. 



87.— Adelura* caeruleocephala, Vig. (504). 



A summer visitor. It appears in April, and breeds at about 

 10,000 feet. 



88.— Chimarrhornis leucocephala, Vig. (506;. 



A resident, but never very common. A few pairs to be seen 

 generally at about 10,000 and 11,000 feet in summer ; it comes 

 down to 5,000 feet in winter. 



89.— Nemura cyanura, Pall.f (508) 



Obtained in Gilgit in May, and in the Nulter valley in 

 August, at 11,000 feet. In August the young were fully 

 fledged. The plumage before the first moult is bright rufous 

 brown above, paler below, each feather margined with dark 

 brown ; wings and tail hair brown ; middle of abdomen pure 

 white. 



90.— Calliope pectoralis, Gould. (513). 



First seen on May 1st, by which time it was in full breeding 

 plumage ; birds shot in the beginning of June being not 

 nearly so brilliant. It breeds at 10,000 feet. 



The measurements and description given by Jerdon do not 

 entirely correspond with the specimens secured ; the wing in 



* f I can discover no valid grounds now for separating this species generically ^S~ 

 from the other Buticillas. Its habits are precisely those of the rest of the group. /„ ,-• 

 In November and December this and frontalis are our two commonest Simla birds — 

 A. O. H.] 



t [This is the Himalayan N. rvfilata, distinct from N. cyanura, Pall. —J. S. , ■ 

 [Correct, and our catalogue should be altered accordingly.— A. O. H.] 



