28 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 68 



middle-aged workers from a frame of hive No. 67 were put into each 

 of the 10 glass observation cases. The stings of 10 workers taken 

 from the alighting board of another hive were extracted by letting 

 the bees sting a meat rind. After having lost the stings these workers 

 were active, though they did not have the energy and vitality of 

 normal bees and when one of them was introduced into each case, 

 it never offered to return the attack as does a normal bee. Each 

 one was attacked less than is a normal bee under the same conditions. 

 This difference in hostility is probably due to the abnormality caused 

 by the extraction of the stings. 



The effect of the odor from bee stings was tested in another way. 

 Twenty middle-aged workers from a frame of hive No. 67 were put 

 into each of eight cases. The extracted stings of 15 guards from hive 

 No. 15 were placed in a small vial, and eight fanners from the 

 alighting board of hive No. 6j were put into the vial containing the 

 stings. After an interval of five minutes they were removed from the 

 vial and one was introduced into each case ; three fanners were 

 attacked slightly, and the workers offered to attack the other five. As 

 a control four guards from the alighting board of hive No. dj were 

 placed into an empty and odorless vial for five minutes. They were 

 then removed and one was put into each of four cases ; all four were 

 attacked slightly. Another control was employed by using bees from 

 hive No. 81. In this set of experiments middle-aged workers from 

 a frame and fanners from the alighting board were used in the same 

 manner as above described, but instead of using extracted stings of 

 strange bees, stings of sister guards were used. The eight fanners 

 were placed in the vial containing stings of sister guards. After an 

 interval of five minutes they were removed and one was introduced 

 into each case; six fanners were attacked slightly and the workers 

 offered to attack the other two. 



The foregoing results indicate that the odor from the poison 

 which exudes from the sting does not increase the hostility exhibited 

 when strange workers are put together, although we know from prac- 

 tical experience that when two or three bees. sting a person's hand, 

 other bees often attack the same hand immediately, indicating that 

 the last bees were guided to the hand by means of the odor emitted 

 from the poison of the first bees, but these two examples of hos- 

 tility are not exactly parallel. 



(a) EFFECTS OF ODORS FROM GLUE AND FINGERS 



Twenty middle-aged workers from a frame of hive No. 7 were 

 put into each of the 10 observation cases. The tip ends of the 



