52 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS \0L. 68 



which runs into the hairs. The oil infiltrates through the upper 

 surface of the hairs and may often be noticed as minute yellowish- 

 green drops. The odor emitted is aromatic and quite noticeable. 



Miiller (1879b) found a scent-producing organ on the inner side 

 of the tibia of the third pair of legs in the males of Pantherodes 

 pardalaria. The tuft of long hair lies in a groove and may be spread 

 out fanlike. The same author (1879c) describes a similar organ on 

 the tibia of a small species of Erebidea. 



Bailey (1882) noticed fan-shaped brushes of hair on the legs of 

 all the males of Catocala examined. He thinks that they may be 

 aphrodisiac in function. 



Barret (1882, 1892) detected an odor in the males of Hepialus 

 hectus, which he thinks is emitted by the aborted hind legs. It is 

 similar to the odor from ripe pineapples and it seems to attract the 

 females. In every fresh male examined of H. humiili an odor was 

 perceived, but in old ones no odor was detected. The same author 

 (1886), while watching some males and females of Hepialus hectus, 

 saw the females fly toward and against the males and he thinks that 

 they were attracted by the odor from the males. 



Edwards (1882) reports that he has seen these tufts of hair in 

 the males of Parthenos nubilis, Catocala desperata, and C. amatrix. 



Kirby (1882) reports that he noticed fanlike tufts of hair on 

 the front legs of Catocala fraxini. 



Johnson (1891), while watching a male and female of Hepialus 

 lupulimis pairing in the air, thought without the slightest doubt 

 that the female throws ofif a faint odor and that the vibration of 

 the wings assists in diffusing it. 



Deegener (1902) says that the tibiae of the third pair of legs in the 

 males of Hepialus hectus are greatly swollen. They are club-shaped 

 with the distal end the broader. The interior of the tibia is filled 

 with large gland cells which stand at right angles to the pore field ; 

 between the gland cells are spaces filled with blood. A spatula-shaped 

 hair, arising from the bottom of each pore, has longitudinally parallel 

 ridges on the surface similar to those on the upper surface of the 

 scales of butterfly wings. Between the upper and lower chitinous 

 walls of a hair are canals to convey the liquid secreted by the gland 

 cells. The same author ( 1905) describes a similar organ in the males 

 of Phassus schamyl. Instead of the hairs in this species being 

 spatula-shaped, they are usually scalelike with the distal end divided 

 into two or three lobes. They have both the longitudinally and 

 transversely parallel ridges. It may be assumed that the liquid 

 secreted by each large gland cell passes through the pore into the 



