NO. 12 



SMITHSONIAN EXPLORATIONS, I917 



61 



EXCAVATIONS AT HAWIKUH, NEW MEXICO 

 An expedition was organized under the joint auspices of the 

 Bureau of American Ethnology and the Museum of the American 

 Indian, Heye Foundation, of New York City, for the purpose of con- 

 ducting excavations at the ruined pueblo of Hawikuh, one of the 

 celebrated Seven Cities of Cibola of the sixteenth century, occupied 

 by ancestors of the present Zuiii Indians of western central Xew 

 Mexico. This research, made possible by the generous aid of 

 Harmon W. Hendricks, Esq., a trustee of the Museum of the Amer- 







Fig. 60. — Looking east from Hawikuh across the Ojo Cahente plain. 

 The elongate mound in the foreground is the ruin of the old church built 

 about 1629. Photograph by E. F. Coffin. 



ican Indian, was commenced in May, 1917, under the immediate 

 direction of Mr. F. W. Hodge, ethnologist-in-charge of the Bureau, 

 assisted by Mr. Alanson Skinner and Mr. E. F. Coffin of the Museum 

 mentioned. 



Both archeologically and historically Hawikuh is one of the most 

 interesting Indian sites in the United States — from an archeological 

 viewpoint by reason of the light the excavations are expected to shed 

 on the primitive culture of the Zuni people, and historically because 

 of its prominent place in the earliest Spanish annals of the South- 



