NO. 17 SMITHSONIAN EXPLORATIONS, I916 9I 



to determine the northern hniit of this j^eculiar prehistoric structure. 

 For this purpose Doctor Fewkes made a trip to Hill Canyon, 40 miles 

 south of Ouray, Utah, having learned from Mr. Kneale, agent of 

 the I'te, of hitherto undescrihed ruins of unusual character in that 

 neighhorhood. 



The ruins in Hill Canyon helong to the true tower type, but they 

 were built at times on top of rocks of mushroom shape, which has 

 led to the designation "Mushroom Rock ruins" (fig. 94), and 

 seems to have placed them in another category. Several of these 

 towers were photographed (figs. 95-97) by Mr. T. G. Lemmon, a 

 volunteer associate, and the writer made sketches of the ground- 



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Fk;. 9/. — Eight iNlile Ruin. Hill Canyon, Utah. Photograph by T. G. Lemmon. 



plans of those he could enter, 'iliese observations not only add to 

 our knowledge of the northern limit of the zone in which towers 

 occur, but also introduce to the archeologist several striking forms 

 bearing on important theoretical (juestions. So far as his obser- 

 vations on these hitherto unknown ruins have gone. Doctor h^ewkes 

 regards them as sacred buildings, comparable with the towers along 

 the Yellowjacket. a branch of McElmo Canyon. They have all 

 the appearance of tower kivas, sometimes single, more often in 

 clusters, accompanied with rectangular buildings. 



At the close of the work on Far \ iew House, a trip was made 

 from Mancos, Colorado, down the McElmo Canyon, to examine in 

 a comparative way, towers, round, sc^uare, or semicircular, in Cannon 



