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SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS 



VOL. 66 



height was less than 5 feet. Excavations of many years ago had 

 left two great gashes, one at each end of the mound, each partially 

 disclosing a single long room. Including" these dwellings, which 

 were reexcavated only with considerahle difficulty owing to the 

 hardness of the clay which had accumulated over them, Mr. Judd 

 successfully revealed and measured the walls of 14 rectangular 

 houses, II of which were entirely cleared of fallen wall material 

 and other debris. In addition to these habitations less permanent 

 structures were disclosed in various parts of the mound, situated 

 between the ruins of larger houses and even above their razed walls. 

 These temporary structures were built of logs leaned against cross- 



FiG. III. — Interior of an ancient adobe dwelling, showing remains of a wattled 

 partition constructed after completion of the house. 



pieces supported by 4 upright posts surrounding a central fireplace 

 and were of the same general character as those discovered in 191 5 

 at Willard and Beaver City. They apparently represent the survival 

 of an earlier type of habitation. })reserved in association with the 

 adobe houses as mere shelters wherein were performed most of the 

 domestic activities of the community. 



The characteristic ancient dwelling of this region was rectangular 

 in shape ; its vertical walls were constructed of superpwDsed masses 

 of plastic clay, forced into position and smoothed by the hands 

 of the workmen. Lacking evidence to the contrary, it is believed 

 that roof openings formed the only means of entrance to these 

 houses, a belief substantiated by the very nature of the dwellings 



