NO. 2 



SMITHSONIAN EXPLORATIONS, I918 



72> 



Canyon is a wooden scaffold in a cave like that of Scaft'old House in 

 the Navajo National Monument. 



There are several other cliff-houses in Sand Canyon all of which 

 resemble in the structural features of their kivas those of Mesa 

 Verde and Chelly Canyon, l)ut diff'er from those of the Upper Gila 

 and Salt rivers. 



The group called clift"-dwellins.;'s, from the fact that they occur in 

 caves or cliff's, was formerly universally recognized as a division in 



Fig. 82. — Sand Canyon Tower, Colorado. Photo- 

 iiranh l)v T. G. Lemmon. 



a classification of southwestern ruins. It is evident from enlarged 

 knowledge of the architectural forms of these buildings that the only 

 difference between the so-called cliff'-dwelHngs and others found in 

 the open is their site ; structurally they are identical and were evi- 

 dently constructed by the same ])eople. Some cliff-dwellers were 

 related to the Puel)los, l)Ut all cliff'-dwellings were not l)uilt l)y people 



