NO. 2 SMITHSONIAN EXPLORATIONS, I918 93 



The art of the ehft'-houses does not appear to correspond with 

 that of the neighboring open-air pueblos so far as pottery and some 

 other things are concerned. It is probable that the cliff-house sites 

 in this region represent the habitations of a small house people. It 

 is also possible that there were spread over the Pueblo region 

 tribes that never formed the habit of coalescing into compact pueblos. 

 Much that has been discovered substantiates this theory. 



A rather unusual evidence of the age of a pueblo was furnished 

 by a juniper 126 inches in circumference growing in the house mass 

 of a ruin near Blue House Mountain in the w^estern portion of the 

 Apache Reservation. 



Near Fort Apache a ruin was observed wdiich had as a prominent 

 feature a rectangular depression 45 by 51 feet square and at present 

 5 feet deep and occupied by three large pine trees (fig. 104). This 

 great construction is believed to be a kiva and is evidently like those 

 described on the Blue River and Upper San Francisco at Luna, 

 New Mexico. 



In connection with the Apache Indians with whom Dr. Hough 

 was thrown in contact during this exploration, it may be said that 

 notable changes have taken place among them since 1901, when 

 he visited them. There is little except their habitations (fig. 103) to 

 connect them with their fornier life, all traces of native costume, etc., 

 having disappeared. The Apaches are on the whole prosperous and 

 contented and have an intelligent appreciation of their duties to 

 the United States (fig. 104). 



ARCHEOLOGICAL RECONNOISSANCE OF NORTHWESTERN 



ARIZONA 



Late in April, 1918, provision was made by the Bureau of Ameri- 

 can Ethnology for a brief archeologic reconnoissance of that little 

 known section of Arizona lying north of the Colorado River, and 

 Mr. Xeil M. Judd, of L^. S. National Museum, was detailed for the 

 l)urpose. 



From Kanab, Utah, Mr. Judd proceeded with pack mules on a 

 route lying southeastward over the northern portion of the Kaibab 

 National Forest to House Rock \'alley, thence southward across 

 North, South, and Saddle canyons to the Walhalla Plateau, known 

 locally as " Greenland." He examined a large number of low 

 mounds bordering the rim of this promontory or scattered over its 

 timbered ridges. 



