NO. 3 ARCHEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS AT PARAGONAH — JUDD II 



depression near the firepit in which clean sand was kept. Some huts 

 were larger than others ; some show longer occupancy ; but none 

 is without evidence of its true use, since small implements of bone 

 and stone, charred corn and squash seeds, potsherds, split animal 

 bones, and other camp-fire refuse, may always be found upon the 

 smooth earthen floors and throughout the accumulations which 

 separate the successive levels. 



Excavation of the big mound disclosed ruins of still another type, 

 .structures not previously noted among the archeological remains of 

 western Utah. Houses of this class possess certain features found, 

 respectively, in the rectangular adobe dwellings and in the adjacent 

 court shelters ; they represent, perhaps, attempts to provide the 

 roominess and stability of the former while utilizing methods peculiar 

 to the latter. Rooms 20, 39, 40, 41, etc., are houses of the type under 

 consideration and they are classed as secondary structures, since they 

 apparently have a closer economic relationship to the shelters than to 

 the heavy- walled buildings. 



The first of these, although smaller than the others, may be con- 

 sidered typical of all. As discovered, it consisted only of a much- 

 used floor whose outer limits were marked by a series of small post- 

 holes. A rimmed fireplace, 13 inches in diameter and 6 inches deep, 

 had been cut into the floor near the south wall. It would appear that 

 this house had been erected some time subsequent to Kiva V, for 

 example, since several inches of court accumulations, including two 

 ill-defined levels of occupancy, separated the floors of the two 

 structures.^ 



Room 39 was the largest house of this type, and it, in turn, had 

 been built 14 inches above the floor of an earlier structure of the same 

 kind, Room 40. A rimmed fireplace, 38 inches in diameter and 4 

 inches deep, occupied the middle of the room, and surrounding it, 

 as in the smaller court shelters, were four large roof supports. The 

 walls of this building were constructed of small upright posts, 

 wattled with brush or willows and plastered with mud. More than 30 

 supports had been utilized in the west wall — the holes they once 

 occupied were only a few inches apart and nearly every one was 

 filled with decayed wood. In part of the east wall, against Room 35, 

 horizontal willows had been bound to the uprights before they were 



^ Four feet four inches above number 20 and at right angles to its long axis 

 was a third-level dwelling, Room 21. Its walls were entirely of adobe, con- 

 structed in the manner previously outlined ; its floor was hard and smooth 

 and rested directly upon the refuse and loose earth which covered Room 20. 



