124 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 70 



Baltic current and so that the temperature and condition of the at- 

 mosphere would play a greater part here than at Ona. 



In a preliminary reduction we treated the curves in a similar way 

 to those at Ona, that is, regarded southerly and easterly deviations 

 from the isobars as positive and westerly or northerly deviations 

 as negative. We then found that the variations of the surface tem- 

 perature at Torungen in February did not agree with the curve for 

 the local wind relation. However, it proved that the easterly wind 

 has a strong tendency to produce lower surface temperatures while 

 the westerly winds tended to produce higher ones. We therefore 

 set a boundary in the isobar directions which ran at from south io° 

 east to north io° west. The winds or isobar directions which arise 

 in the region westward of this boundary we regard as positive and 

 those easterly thereof as negative, but in other respects we treat the 

 results in the same manner as above mentioned. Thus we obtained 

 curves for the air pressure gradients which were in very good agree- 

 ment with the surface temperatures at Torungen Lighthouse in Feb- 

 ruary (see pi. 47, fig. 2, Torungen, curves W and B). The agree- 

 ment is quite surprisingly good, both as to the curve of the air pres- 

 sure gradients for February alone (the full-drawn curve B), or 

 still better the mean of the January and February curves computed 



according to the expression ^^ which is the heavy dotted curve 



B. We find but one exception to a complete agreement, namely 

 the year 1907, when the surface temperature at Torungen was 

 somewhat lower than it should have been according to the air pres- 

 sure gradients. Both January and February of this year, however, 

 show depression of the curves. 



In the warmest part of the year, July and August, the agree- 

 ment between the curves for air pressure gradients and the curve 

 for the surface temperature for August at Torungen is not as good, 

 as appears in plate 48, figure 2. This, however, should be expected, 

 because the transported water-masses during this part of the year 

 are able to play so great a part by the warming and cooling of the 

 ocean. 



We will now investigate the. relations of things in the other 

 months. We find at Torungen a good agreement between the curve 

 of the surface temperature for January and the curve of the air 

 pressure gradients for January (see pi. 47, fig. i). However, the 

 curve for December shows no similarity, nor does the mean curve 

 of December and January. 



