2IO SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 70 



pens that the temperature minimum and the sun spot maximum are 

 very near together as in the years 1835, 1837, and 1870. In other 

 cases the temperature minimum falls somewhat after the sun spot 

 maximum, and so it is for example in the years 1860-61 ; and again 

 in other cases the temperature minimum falls somewhat before the 

 sun spot maximum as in the year 1892. For the air temperature in 

 Stockholm, in other words, a double period occurs during the sun 

 spot period with a temperature minimum near the sun spot maxi- 

 mum and also near the sun spot minimum. We have already re- 

 peatedly called attention to a similar division of the sun spot period 

 into two, but in those cases it generally happened that the tempera- 

 ture maximum fell near the sun spot minimum as well as near the 

 sun spot maximum. This was for example the case for the tempera- 

 ture in Russia according to the Mielke-Koppen tables as already 

 mentioned. 



VARIATIONS IN THE AIR TEMPERATURE IN STOCKHOLM AND IN THE 

 WATER TEMPERATURE ON THE NORWEGIAN COAST 



Before going further we may refer once more to figure 53 which 

 gives the temperature variations in Stockholm and those at the 

 Norwegian lighthouses. We have already said that the short period 

 temperature variations along the Norwegian coast and in Stockholm 

 agree in many particulars. From the 5-curves of figure 53 it may 

 be seen that the variations of more than a single year interval agree 

 remarkably. From the C-curves of the same figure, which represent 

 temperature variations smo'othed by taking twenty-four-month con- 

 secutive means after a first smoothing by twelve-month consecu- 

 tive means, it is apparent that the variations which have long periods 

 agree particularly well. In other words not only the short interval 

 temperature variations, but also the variations which have a very 

 long period are common in the water along the Norwegian coast 

 and in the air temperature of Scandinavia. There is on the whole 

 a displacement such that the variations in Stockholm occur some- 

 what earlier than the corresponding variations on the Norwegian 

 coast ; and that applies not only to the earlier mentioned short period 

 variations, but even more to all variations with a long period. 

 Though the variations which are to be recognized in both C-curves 

 have the same general trend yet the curves are not fully parallel, 

 but are somewhat displaced, so that in individual cases the dis- 

 tance between the curves is somewhat greater than in other cases. 

 In the years 1875 to 1885 the coast water on the Norwegian coast 



