NO. 4 TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC 21/ 



1881-2, 1883, 1884, 1885-86, 1893-94, I90I, 1903, 1905-6, 1909-10). 



But there are glaring exceptions, as, for example, minimum in the 

 Stockholm temperature of 1871, and maximum in all three tem- 

 perature curves in the year 1878, the strong minimum in the year 

 1881, the maximum 1889 to 1890, etc. In a number of these 

 years there appear in the three Scandinavian curves complete agree- 

 ment u'ith the American curve V for the Atlantic region of the 

 United States, but after 1898 the curves as we have already said 

 go oppositely to one another. For the last named interval of time, 

 it appears as we have said that the Scandinavian curves have more 

 similarity with the other American curve VI for the Pacific coast, 

 while these curves go oppositely to the Scandinavian curves before 

 1894. 



As already remarked, Bigelow maintains that the temperature on 

 the Pacific coast goes oppositely to the prominences in the eleven- 

 year period, but directly with them for the short interval periods 

 of about three years. This does not appear to be altogether cor- 

 rect. To be sure the temperature of the Pacific region, see curve VI, 

 in the two eleven-year periods between 1878 and 1900, which 

 Bigelow particularly investigated, goes oppositely to the prominences 

 and the sun spots. But after 1900 the temperature varies directly 

 with them, which is also shown in part by the careful study of Bige- 

 low's own curves, which, however, stop with the year 1905. In our 

 curves, figures 74 and 75, this is better shown. The maximum in 

 the year 1905 in the temperature curve for the Pacific region falls 

 with the sun spot maximum in the same year, while the minimum 

 some years earlier falls with the minimum of the sun spot and 

 prominence curves. In the years 1910 and 191 1 the temperature on 

 the Pacific coast was relatively low, when we had sun spot minima 

 and prominence minima. In the periods of few years the varia- 

 tions of temperature go partly directly with the prominences and 

 the disturbances in the magnetic elements, but at other times op- 

 positely to them in the Pacific states. 



In the middle United States and in the most easterly states, 

 Bigelow is of the opinion, as we have said above, that in the eleven- 

 year period, as in the period of three years, the temperature goes 

 oppositely and the air pressure directly as the prominences and the 

 disturbances in the magnetic elements. This is, as we have seen, 

 partly correct, but there are many exceptions when the variations 

 go oppositely to those which Bigelow would predict, and these are 

 apparent from his own curves as well. 



15 



