NO. 4 TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC 225 



January and for October go in opposite direction to the curves for 

 April and July, and in a similar way behave also the curves with 

 reference to the sun spot curve. They run in the same direction 

 up to about the year 1890, but after this time the curves for October 

 and January generally go opposite to those of the sun spots. The 

 curve for July shows, however, a disagreement in its high maximum 

 in the year 1900. The combined two- and three-yearly smoothed 

 curve for April shows as the reader will see great agreement with 

 the sun spot curve. 



THE TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS IN DIFFERENT MONTHS OF THE 

 YEAR IN THE INTERIOR OF ASIA 



It would obviously be of great interest to observe the variations of 

 temperature in different months of the year in the interior of the 

 Eurasian continent, where such extreme conditions with highly 

 developed air pressure maximum in winter and great air pressure 

 minimum in summer prevail. In order to save time we have in 

 this investigation confined ourselves preliminarily to the series of 

 temperature anomalies given by Abbot and Fowle, which they call 

 values for northern Asia. For each month of the year in the time 

 interval from 1876 to 1903, the temperature values published are 

 the average anomalies for the following seven stations : Barnaul, 

 Irgis, Irkutstk, Kisil-Avat, Nertschinsk, Peking and Taschkent. 



Unfortunately these meteorological stations are not ideally chosen 

 for our purpose since they lie in different action spheres. One must 

 assume that stations like Peking would have very different varia- 

 tions from stations like Taschkent and Barnaul, since they lie re- 

 spectively on the eastward and westward sides of the action center 

 with high pressure in winter and low pressure in summer. Lacking 

 better observational material, we may, however, draw preliminary 

 conclusions from the run of the temperatures in the interior of this 

 great continent. 



In figure 83 we give the curves for the temperature variations for 

 each month at these stations (I to XII) smoothed to the formula 

 b = ^{a + :^b + c)ior the time from 1876 to 1903. Furthermore, 

 we give the curve W for the temperature variations for the three 

 winter months, December, January, and February, and the curve 

 SO for the temperature variations for the summer months, June, 

 July, and August, as well as the curve J for the entire year. 



As we should expect, the curves give very great difference in the 

 temperature variations in the different months. Particularly is the 



