TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. 157 



fino;er-muscles in the gi-eat Fin-Wliale, first noticed by Prof. Flower. It liacl been 

 believed that these muscles do not exist in the toothed whales ; but in this bottle- 

 nose they were even better developed than in the Finner. The extensor muscles 

 especially were better marked, the external extensor, corresponding to the so-called 

 extensor of the little finger of man, being also present. An extensor carpi radialis 

 was also present. Besides the muscles which are known to exist at the shoulder 

 and arm in the Cetacea, he found a representative of the biceps present here. These 

 muscles were mainly to be regarded as rudimentary, but they had a certain low 

 amount of function by which their presence as muscles is maintained. In some 

 other cetaceans they are represented entirely by fibrous tissue. Prof, gtruthevs 

 exhibited also a dissection of the rudimentary teeth concealed in the gum of this 

 bottle-nose. These teeth are alive, but useless, and their presence could be rea- 

 sonably interpreted only by the hypothesis of evolution. 



Anthbopology. 



Address to the Department of Anthrojyologi/. 

 Bij Colonel A. Lane Fox., F.G.S., F.S.A. 



When the Council of this Association did me the honour of naming me one of the 

 Vice-Presidents for this Section, and the duty of opening the proceedings of this 

 Department was committed to my 'charge, I had before me two alternatives, which, 

 I suppose, must have suggested themselves to most of those who have occupied the 

 Chair which I so unworthily fill upon the present occasion. I had to consider 

 whether I should prepare a communication upon some special branch of study to 

 which I had devoted my attention, or taking a broader and more general view of 

 anthropological science as a whole, I should endeavour to oiTer a few remarks which 

 might be useful in clearing the ground for the valuable and interesting papers which 

 will be presented to you in the com-se of the session. 



In partly adopting the latter or more general course, which I may say is the one 

 that is least congenial to me, on account of my conscious inability to deal satisfac- 

 torily with so large a subject, and also because I think that in the present state of 

 our knowledge we are better employed in collecting evidence than in generalizing, 

 I have been influenced chiefly by a consideration of the many and great defects 

 which have been acknowledged to exist in our method of proceeding in this depart- 

 ment of science — defects which are, I believe, the natural concomitants of the early 

 stage of development through which we are passing, but which we must set om* 

 faces seriously to encounter before we can hope that anthropology will be faii-ly 

 admitted into the brotherhood of the established sciences which are recognized 

 under the auspices of this Association. 



When towards tlie conclusion of the last Meeting at Edinburgh one of the ladies 

 present drew attention to the generally unscientific character of the papers which 

 had been read, she, I believe, said no more than was strictly applicable, not only to 

 that particular Meeting, but to upwards of two thirds of the papers which are in- 

 cluded under the head of anthropology elsewhere ; and here I may observe that if 

 no other benefit were recognized from the participation of the other sex in our dis- 

 cussions, we should find in it a som-ce from which home truths of this nature can 

 emanate without their setting our backs up. In making these remarks I am con- 

 scious that I am hafting the lash which may perhaps with some justice be applied to 

 your Chairman on the present occasion. 1 cannot, however, claim any special ex- 

 emption, but must share with my brother anthropologists any censure which may 

 be justly due to our shortcomings. 



The ladies must not, however, be too severe upon us in this department, but 

 must make allowance for the empiricism which is naturally attendant upon a new 

 study ; for the anthropology of to-day bears, I believe, about the same relationship 

 to the anthropology of the futm-e that alchemy and astrology did to the chemistry 

 and astronomy of our own times. We have established none of the landmarks, 

 the classifications, or the nomenclature which in other sciences serve to keep the 



1872. 12 



