390 TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION C. 



TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 5. 

 The following Papers and Reports were read : — 



1. On the Discovery of Remains of Iguanodon rnantelli in the Wealden Beds 

 of Brightstone Bay, I.W., and the Adaptation of the Pelvic Girdle in 

 relation to an Erect Position and Bipedal Progression. By R. W. 



HOOLEY. 



The specimen of which the paper treated was discovered by the author in 

 1899 ; it includes the sacrum, lumbar and caudal vertebrae, bones of the pelvic 

 girdle and the left femur. The characters shown by the fossil prove the remains 

 to belong to Iguanodon mantelli, but all examples hitherto found have manifested 

 this species to be much smaller than Iguanodon bernissartensis, whereas the bones 

 discovered belonged to a reptile equalling, if not exceeding, the dimensions of 

 that species. Among the skeletons of Iguanodons found at Bernissart in 1878, 

 M. Dollo found a small and a large form. The former resembled in all points 

 the type specimen of Iguanodon mantelli, and he thought that the differences 

 between the two forms were specific and not sexual. This specimen opens the 

 question again, and the author criticised the evidence, and inclined to the opinion 

 that the osteological variations are sexual, and that Iguanodon bernissartensis 

 is probably a synonym of Iguanodon mantelli. 



The second part of the paper dealt with the adaptation of the Iguanodont 

 pelvis to enable an upright position and progression, and discussed the variations 

 in the Dinosaurian pelvis. 



2. Siliceous Oolites and other Concretionary Structures in the Vicinity of State 



College, Pennsylvania. By Professor E. S. Moore, M.A., Ph.D. 



The area under discussion is situated in central Pennsylvania, on the border 

 of the Appalachian mountain system. The rocks comprise a complex series of 

 impure limestone and sandstone, regarded as a transition between the Cambrian 

 and Ordovician, a large limestone group of Ordovician age, and several hundred 

 feet of Silurian sandstone. 



The concretions occur very largely in the transition series, and include 

 calcareous and siliceous oolites and bodies consisting of chert, flint, or limonite, 

 the last forming beds of iron ore by replacement of arenaceous limestone. 



The oolites form thin and irregular beds, covering an area of over forty 

 square miles. The calcareous variety probably owes its origin to a mixture of 

 sand grains and calcium carbonate and to the fact that there were frequent 

 alternations from a condition of deposition of limestone to a disintegration, solu- 

 tion, and redeposition of this rock. The evidence for this conclusion is found in 

 the fact that the oolites occur in a complex mixture of calcareous sandstone and 

 limestone with alternations to thin beds of limestone-conglomerate and also that 

 sand grains or fragments of carbonate usually form the nuclei of the concretions. 

 The siliceous oolites originated by replacement of the calcareous concretions 

 because they occur together, and the former grade into the latter. 



There is evidence to show that the source of the silica is to be found in chert 

 nodules and in the sand grains occurring in the limestone. The chief solvents 

 for the silica are believed to have been organic acids and meteoric waters. 



In conclusion, certain similarities between the physical characters and origin 

 of concretions and crystals are suggested. 



3. The Pre-Cambrian Beds of Northern Ontario. 

 By Professor E. S. Moore, M.A., Ph.D. 



A discussion of the pre-Cambrian beds of Northern Ontario in a limited time 

 must be extremely general and be lacking in detailed descriptions of any of 

 the complicated features which characterise these beds. While therefore thank- 

 fully acknowledging all information received from other workers on the problems 



