200 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ORNITHOLOGY OF INDIA. 



forehead over the lores, eyes, and part of the ear-coverts. Inside 

 this line the rest of the forehead, crown, and occipnt is a deli- 

 cate French grey, almost white on the forehead and growing' 

 slightly browner on the base of the occiput. The upper and 

 middle back a grey earth brown ; the rump and upper tail 

 coverts tinged with rufescent; the scapulars and lesser coverts 

 the same color as the back, the longer scapulars slightly more 

 rufescent towards the tips, harmonizing with the color of the 

 rump ; the rest of the wings pale hair brown ; the primaries 

 excessively narrowly, the secondai-ies and their greater coverts 

 more broadly margined on their outer webs with yellowish, or 

 brownish white ; the edge of the wings from the carpal joint 

 conspicuously white, with a faint yellowish tinge; tail, pale, 

 slightly rufescent, brown ; lateral tail feathers palest. All the 

 feathers very narrowly and inconspicuously tipped paler, the 

 tipping most apparent when looked at from below. All the tail 

 feathers but the central ones very narrowly margined paler on 

 the inner web, and the exterior laterals similarly, but somewhat 

 more broadly margined on both webs ; the chin and throat 

 pure white, the sides of the neck beyond the black streak grey 

 like the crown, but slightly darker ; the wing lining almost 

 pure white; the breast, abdomeu, vent, and lower tail coverts 

 white, with a faint buffy tinge. 



In what are either younger, or more freshly moulted birds, 

 only the forehead and anterior half of the crown are grey, the 

 rest of the upper parts are a somewhat darker brown, with a 

 rufous tinge ; nothing near so rufous as in the palest specimens 

 of cristatus, but still very much more rufous than in the old 

 adultsjust described. The tail is darker, and the margins to the 

 secondaries, tertiaries and their greater coverts are pale rufes- 

 cent, and so are the breast, abdomen, vent, and lower tail coverts. 



In the quite young bird the lores and eye and ear streak are 

 hair brown and smaller than in the adult; the white line round 

 the forehead and over the eyes is inconspicuous and tinged 

 brownish. The whole of the upper surface is a dull earth brown, 

 tinged rufescent towards the rump, and on the upper tail 

 coverts, which are more or less barred with darker brown. The 

 tail is much as in the old adult, but distinctly though obsoletely 

 barred with darker brown. The pale margins to the coverts 

 and quills are narrower and less conspicuous than in the adult. 

 The entire lower surface is yellowish white everywhere except 

 on the chin, and lower tail coverts, and the middle of the throat 

 and abdomen, closely barred with narrow, more or less crescentic 

 dark brown lines. 



