324 BIRDS OCCURRING IN INDIA NOT DESCRIBED 



cuously paler centred ; mid back pure white, but some of the 

 feathers with a fawn-coloured tinge ; rump and upper tail- 

 coverts more or less fulvous, buffy, or fawny white, (the hue 

 seems to vary in different individuals), some of the longer 

 feathers much tinged towards the tips with brownish fawn 

 colour ; longer scapulars and largest wing-coverts deep 

 umber brown, tipped (in the scapulars broadly) with fulvous 

 fawn, and more or less centred towards the tips with the same 

 colour ; quills and tail-feathers (the secondaries a shade less 

 deep) deep umber brown, freshly moulted ones having a pur- 

 plish gloss, and being perhaps best described as of a deep 

 chocolate brown ; the whole of the lower parts, including wing- 

 lining and lower tail-coverts, a very pale dingy brown, or 

 fulvous white, some of the feathers especially on the sides, with 

 ill-defined, moderately broad, somewhat paler centres, passing 

 imperceptibly into the tint of the rest of the web. 



The tarsus is clad in front, for nearly, or in some cases 

 fully, the upper half, with slightly fulvous white down. The 

 whole of the rest of the tarsus and the back of the joint are 

 quite bare. 



In the distribution of the down on the neck, in the somewhat 

 elongated bill, in the paler under-parts, with (in the adult) in- 

 conspicuous broad paler centerings to the feathers, and in the 

 more pointed character of the feathers of the back, this species 

 approaches G. pallescens. As compared with the previous 

 species, (fulvescens) the somewhat greater size, the sparse- 

 ness and star-like character of the down-tufts about the throat 

 and neck, the paler under surface devoid in the adult of con- 

 spicuous narrow pale centerings to the feathers, the looser ruff, 

 longer upper tail-coverts, more pointed back feathers, more 

 powerful feet, with more prominent scutse and reticulations, 

 serve amongst other differences to distinguish it. 



The young bird differs much in its plumage from the adult. 

 Seen flying at a little distance, it appears of a pale bronze 

 colour, and on the wing might possibly be mistaken for the 

 young of rnonachus. When in the haud, however, there is no 

 mistaking it. In the arrangement of down about the neck 

 and throat, in the colour of the bill, bare skin and feet, and 

 quill and tail-feathers, it exactly resembles the adult, but the 

 prevailing hue of all the rest of the plumage is a rich brown, 

 very deep above, somewhat paler below ; every feather, except 

 the greater wing-coverts and larger scapulars, with a broad, 

 central, yellowish brown or fulvous stripe. As in the adult, 

 there is a pure white patch on the upper back, extending to the 

 sides of the middle back, but this is usually hidden by the 

 scapulars. The crop patch is a warm brown, much deeper and 



