1878. ] . 327 [Lesquereux. 
porting small granules of opaque brown matter. These granules, scarcely 
the hundreth part of a millimeter in diameter, are of a roundish, irregular 
polygonal form, agglomerated and separating with difficulty. Their size 
and irregularity of form prevent us from considering them as spores ; 
they look rather like grains of pollen. 
Most of the authors of works on vegetable paleontology have figured and 
described as Antholithes, under different specific namés, some of these 
organs. Already in 1854, Professor Newberry has a representation in the 
Annals of Science of Cleveland, of three branches, reproduced in the first 
volume of the Paleontology of the Geological Survey of Ohio. The one 
Pl. XLI, fig. 1, of this last work, Antholithes Pitcairnie, Lid. and Hutt, 
is like our fig. 6; the spikelets, however, being naked, or without the 
linear bracts generally found supporting the flowers of Cordaites. As my 
specimens show part of the flowers without these bracts, this difference is 
probably due to the degree of maceration to which the plants have been 
subjected. Fig. 2 is baccifer, the ovules being not only sustained by a 
leafy bractlet, but half inclosed at their base into an involucre. Nutlets of 
the same kind and form, but much larger, are represented attached to thick 
branches in fig. 4, as Cardiocarpon, while fig. 3, under the name of Antho- 
lithes priscus, Newby, represents a Cardianthus gemmifer, whose upper 
scales are mixed with leaves apparently originating from under the scales. 
All the forms described by the European authors are represented in the 
splendid plates of Grand’Eury, who has separated, as flowers of Poa Cor- 
daites the slender, flower bearing racemes which I have described with 
Cordaites mansfieldi and C. costatus. 
Of the fruits and nuts referable hypothectically to Cordaites the number 
is considerable. But except the nutlets figured by Newberry, Dawson and 
Grand’Eury, no larger fruit has been found positively attached to stems or 
branches of Cordattes, nor indeed of any other coal plants. I have figured, 
Pl. LIV, the fruits most commonly found at Cannelton in shale bearing 
Cordaites remains. They are described with the other kinds of fruits of 
the coal. These may be compared only to two species of Grand’Eury as 
remarked above. 
Of all the others referred as Cordaicarpus, Cardiocarpus, Carpolithes, to 
Cordattes or Neggerathia, there are scarcely any at Cannelton. Geinitz 
refers Rhabdocarpus species to Neggerathia. To Cordaites principalis he 
refers Carpolithes Cordai, as yet unknown in our coal measures, while the 
common fruits of Cannelton, figs. 8 to 11, are most like if not identical to 
Cardiocarpon Gutbiert, which Geinitz does not refer to Cordaites ; while 
Grand’Eury names the same species Cordaicarpus Gutbieri among the 
fruits of Cordattes. It has a distant likeness to our fig. 8, and therefore all 
these fruits, fig. 6 to 11, might be hypothetically considered fruits of Cor- 
daites, as by transition they seem to represent, either the same, or two closely 
allied species. It is the only trace of light we have on the subject. The 
two fruits, fig. 7, are of different type. They are attached to a broken pedi- 
cel, and were found also with the Cordaites of Cannelton. They are, like 
the others, described with the fruits of the Carboniferous measures. 
