ON THE CIKCDLATION OF UNDERGBOUND WATERS. 311 



Information obtained by Mr. Whitaker throngb Mr. Fox Strangways : 

 X. Scarborough Waterworks well, near Osgodby, marked upon Geological Sur'i-ey 

 Map, Yorkshire, Sheet 94. la. October 1870. Not deepened since. 2. About 160 

 feet .' 3. Ninety-one feet deep, 10 feet diameter shaft measured from surface ; 136 feet 

 deep, 6 inches diameter bore-hole, measured from surface. Zn. Three driftings total 

 leno-th 70 yards. 4. Pumping always goes on; level varies according to season and 

 speed of pumps. 4fl. About 70 feet below top, but varied, and no full record kept. 

 5. From 600,000 to 800,000 gallons in twenty-four hours. 6. Water-level varies 

 according to season : high afte'r wet weather, low after dry weather. 7. Heavy rain 

 in the dfstrict tends to raise the level, but time not noted. 8. Analysis below. No 

 marked peculiarity. 9. Section of well showing all information obtained was sent to 

 Mr. Fox Strangways in March 1875. lO. To some slight extent. Yes. 11. Entirely, 

 by brick lining backed by puddle. 12. No. 13. No. 14. No. IS. No. 



Scarhorotigh Waterworhs. 



Analysis of Well at Osgodhy. 



Grains per gallon 



Carbonate of Lime 10-150 



Carbonate of Magnesia 3-129 



Sulphate of Lime 3038 



Chloride of Sodium 1'869 



Chloride of Calcium 1-792 



Silica -294 



Alumina and Oxide of Ii-on '126 



Organic matter '280 



Nitric Acid a trace . 



Grains of solid matter in a gallon . . . 20678 

 Hardness on Clark's Scale. 



Before boiling 11° 



After boiling half an hour ... 5° 



Humiher Central Grotijj. 



Kiver Derwent ... — . • — • • 57 



„ Ouse . . . . 50 . . 500 . . 42 



Kivers Aire and Calder . . 44 . . 96 . . 



Eiver Don .... 55 . . 120 . . — -^ 



149 788 164 



Of these areas the Magnesian Limestone would afford -water for a 

 population of nearly 2 millions. 



The New Red area consists largely of Keuper Marls overlying Triassic 

 Sandstones, but the area of absorption is limited to the outcrop of the 

 Sandstone only, the water absorbed by which passes down the dip under 

 the Marls. The available area is about 200 square miles, absorbing daily 

 8 million gallons, or a supply for a population of 2|- millions. 



The Oolites, at 5 inches of annual percolation, could supply about 

 1 million gallons. 



The population in this group of river-basins amounts to nearly 

 3 millions, requiring a supply of 90 millions of gallons of water daily. 



It has been thought desirable to recapitulate the facts obtained re- 

 garding the conditions of underground water-supply in the district of York. 

 The basin of the Humber may be divided geologically into four divisions, 

 all of -which strike magnetic north and south, or a little west of north. 

 The western belt consists of the Yorkshire coal-field, dipping east towards 

 the German Ocean, and overlain unconformabiy by the second belt, con- 

 sisting of the Permian and Trias, in which are no less than two uncon- 

 formities, the Bunter overlapping the Permians, and the Keuper the 

 Bunter. 



