ON Tiri:; ElFKCTj OF OCEANIC CURRENTS UPON CLIMATES. 457 



As stated above, the eS'ect of the Gulf Stream, in the Xovth Atlantic, 

 is to raise the temperature of January from + l°-7 F. to 32°'S F. through 

 40° of longitude atTectcd bj it. The effect of the Knro-siwo admitted 

 through Behring Strait, may therefore be measured by a corresponding 

 rise of temperature, through 



40 X 1-29 = 51°-6 of longitude. 



This would produce a mean January temperature, at all longitudes, 

 equal to 



32-8 X 51-G + 1-7 X 30 8-4 rcctv 

 360 = ^ '^^ ^- 



This raising of the January temperature, at Behring Sti-ait, from 

 — 19°*0 F. to 32°*8 F. ^-ould, of course, produce in the longitudes affected 

 by it an important effect in saving from destruction plants and trees 

 which would perish at — 19°'0 F. in winter, but would give no benefit 

 whatever to plants requiring a given July temperatui'O to ripen their 

 seeds. 



Its effect, at all longitudes, is to raise the January temperature through 

 4°-46 F. and the mean annual temperature through 2°-23 F. 



Parallel of 70° N. January Temperature. 



The January temperatures, in the N. Atlantic at 70° lat., are raised 

 by the Gulf Stream, from long. 10^ W. to long. 20° E., to a mean of 

 + 20°-75 F.,_ instead of - 15°-5 F. at all longitudes, the July tempera- 

 tures remaining unaffected. 



The corresponding eifects at Behring Strait (widened and deepened) 

 would be thus found, assuming as before the proportion of 5 to 4 for 

 the relative thermal effects of the Kuro-Siwo and Gulf Stream : 



Present mean January temperatures at Behring Strait longitude at 

 70° N. lat. = = 



Long. 1C0° \y. . . . . . . _ 92=-0 F 



,, 150MV -23°-0 



„ 140° W _ 24°-0 



„ 130° W _ 26°-0 



„ 120° W _ 2S°-0 



Mean . , - 2i°-G F. 



Calculating, as before, the effect of the Kuro-Siwo (admitted through 

 Behring Strait) upon all longitudes, I find that it would raise the Januarv 

 temperature through 



30 X 1-29 = 38°-7 of longitude, 



from — 24°-6 F., which is the present temperature of the longitudes 

 affected, to the temperature of + 20°-75 F., and that the consequent 

 January temperature at all longitudes would be : — 



20-75 X 3 8-7 - 15-5 x 321-3 no .o tp 

 ^^ = - 11 -53 F. 



The January rise of temperature at all longitudes is therefore 3°-97 F., 

 and the rise of mean annual temperature is l°-99 F. 



This alteration would confer little benefit upon plant-life at that high 

 latitude. 



