TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION C. 633 



The Permian Rocks are probably absent west ofWarrington, for two boreboles 

 at I'arkside and Winwick, commencing in the Pebble Beds, entered the Coal- 

 Measures at 291 and 341 feet respect ivel)', without encountering them. The Trias 

 contained a bed of shale about 30 feet tliick, and was based by soft sandstone with 

 twio-sliaped concretions of iron pyrites. Like tlie spherical nodules of Collins Green, 

 these probably owed their origin to th.e actioa of Coal-Measure water, with sul- 

 phides in solution, acting on the colouriug matter (peroxide of iron) of the Trias. 

 The Coal-Measures consisted of purple and green marls, and at Winwick were 

 associated with limestone. They, and the same beds found in the Farnworth 

 boring, are precisely similar to the well-known Whiston Limestone, and like it 

 contain the Microconchus carbunarius. These limestones are probably the equiva- 

 lents of the Ardwick Limestone series in the Upper Coal-Measures of Manchester, 

 and may be found to be underlain by representatives of the coal-seams which are 

 found in connection with it. AVithout doubt, they must be everywhere underlain 

 by the whole of the productive Middle Coal-Measures, but at a great and unknown 

 depth, though there is reason to believe that the thickness of barren measures 

 would be less in West Lancashire than near Manchester. 



12. 0)1 the U^yper Bagshot Sands of Hordiuell Clif, Hamj^sJiire. 

 By E. B. Tawney, M.A., F.G.S. ' 



The descriptions of former writers having been cited, it was found that there 

 were two main views regarding the affinities of these sands, which occur in the 

 clift" between Long Mead End and Beacon Bunny. The view formulated by the 

 distinguished foreign geologists, D'Archiac, Dumont, Professor Hebert, and Pro- 

 fessor C. Mayer, is that they are parallel to the upper sands of the Beauchamp 

 ( = Barton) period, and allied, therefore, to the marine Barton beds. This view is 

 much the same as that of E. Forbes, and the Geological Survey, who called them 

 the Upper Bagshot Sands, 



Latterly Professor Judd has sought to revive the term Ileadon-Hill-Sands for 

 them, presuming them to be most nearly connected with the Headon series, and 

 extending the bounds of that series to receive them. 



The author now gives a list of twenty-eight species obtained from the bed at 

 Long Mead End ; of these 35 per cent, are common to the sand and the Barton 

 beds, but do not occur in the Headon series ; while only 21-4 per cent, are common 

 tothe sand and Headon series, but do not occur in Barton beds. It is shown that 

 this sand belongs to the zone of Ceritkium pleiirotomo'ides, Lam., and is exactly 

 parallel to the sands of Mortefontaine, which belong to the same horizon, consti- 

 tuting the upper portion of the Beauchamp deposits. This is altogether below 

 the C. concancm zone. 



From_ these sands being intimately connected with the Barton beds in both 

 areas, it is held that the term Upper Bagshot is the most fitting designation that 

 has been proposed for them. 



TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 6. 

 The following Reports and Papers were read : — 



1 . Ninth Report on the Erratic BlocTcs of England, Wales, and Ireland. 



See Reports, p. 204. 



2. Report on Fossil Pohjzoa. — See Reports, p. 161. 



