ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE LABYRINTHODONTS. 189 
two fifths of the length of the skull. The nasal foramina are set obliquely, and 
their length amounts to more than twice the breadth; they lie for the most part 
in the premaxilla, and only behind are they bounded externally by the maxilla, in- 
ternally by the nasal bone. The lachrymal is excluded from the nasal foramina as 
well as ae the orbits.” The interorbital space is equal to once and a half 
the transverse diameter of the orbit. The most distinctive feature which appears 
in Von Meyer's description of the cranial bones is the presence of an azygous inter- 
nasal bone. This is a narrow slip, somewhat shorter than the frontal, which lies 
in its anterior half between the nasals, and in its posterior half between the frontals. 
Von Meyer proposes for this bone the name of ‘‘ Zwischennasenstirnbein ” (inter- 
naso-frontale or naso-frontale). Dugés has pointed out, in the skull of Cecilia, a 
similarly placed bone, which he calls the ethmoid*. It is the “single frontal” of 
Cuvier. The “facial fontanelle ” of Dasyceps occupies precisely the same position. 
The parietal foramen is situated a little behind the middle point of the parietal 
suture. Von Meyer remarks that if the occipital border is perfectly preserved, it 
must have been remarkably concave. The cranial sculpture consists of deep pits 
and furrows upon each bone; no evidence of mucous grooves appears. Obscure 
indications of an affinity with Loromma, Melosaurus, and Zygosaurus may be 
traced in the skull of Osteophorus ; but we are not yet able to place it satisfactorily. 
Of its Labyrinthodont character and its generic distinctness we have no doubt. 
O. Romenrt, Von Meyer. 
_ Locality. Black Marl-slate (Rothliegende) of Lowenberg, Silesia. 
References. Von Meyer, Saurier des Kupferschiefer, p. vi [1856].—Jd. Jahrbuch 
fiir Mineralogie, 1856, p. 824.—Zd. Zeitschrift der Deutsch. geolog. Gesell- 
schaft, 1857, p. 61.—Jd. Paleontographica, vol. vi. p. 99, t. xi. [1860]. 
Parabatrachus, Owen. 
The type specimen, now in the British Museum, is believed to be the inner sur- 
face of the upper jaw of Megalichthys. 
P. Coxe1, Owen. 
Locality. Coal-measures, Carluke ? 
Reference. Owen, Q. J. Geol. Soc. vol. ix. p. 67, t. ii. [1853]. 
Pariostegus, Cope. 
“The maxillary appears to extend posteriorly to a free termination, as in modern 
Salamanders, and the supratemporal bone presents a very prominent, obtuse, arched 
margin. This margin extends from the orbits on each side, and is inclined towards 
the posterior part of the cranium. There is therefore no quadrato-jugal piece.”’ 
The median region of the mandible “ exhibits a succession of shallow transverse 
notches, enclosing thirteen obtuse elevations.” “The orbits are remarkably small, 
and situated probably near the middle of the longitudinal measurement of the 
cranium. 
P. myops, Cope. 
Locality. Coalfield (Triassic), Chatham County, N. Carolina. 
References. cops Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1868, p. 211.—Jd. Synop- 
sis, p. 10. 
Pelion, Wyman. 
Originally named Raniceps, an appellation previously applied by Cuvier to a 
genus of Acanthopterygit. 
This fossil is doubtless amphibian, but it does not exhibit indisputable Labyrin- 
thodont characters. ‘The general form of the head resembles that of frogs; it is 
triangular, and its greatest breadth nearly equals its length.” The quadrate extends 
backwards beyond the occiput. Preemaxille with “small single-pointed teeth.” 
* Recherches sur les Batraciens, t. xiv. fig. 92, pp. 201, 209. 
