84 REPORT—1874. 
celebrated Crag-bed at Bridlington; and he furnished the Professor with a cata- 
logue raisonnée of the species for the new and forthcoming edition of his work on 
the Geology of Yorkshire. Dr. Jeffreys went lately, with Mr. Leckenby, to 
Bridlington, when they ascertained that the Crag-bed lay under the boulder-clay, 
and rested unconformably on a bed of Liassic shale of a purplish colour, which in 
one place appeared to have been triturated and redeposited in the form ofclay. In 
this purplish clay they found a specimen of Turritella ervsa (an Arctic and 
North-American shell), besides several other species which are common to the 
boulder-clay and Bridlington bed. All the species from the Bridlington bed are 
high northern and are now living. They are sixty-seven in number; and a list is 
subjoined. The author suggested that this deposit of shells might have originated 
either in a deviation of the great Arctic current at a very remote period, or in glacial 
conditions. It had clearly no relation to the Norwich Crag, as was once imagined 
to be the case. 
The present direction of the Arctic current has been toa certain extent shown by 
the expeditions conducted by the author in H.MS. ‘ Poreupine,’ during the years 
1869 and 1870, to traverse the North Atlantic along the west coast of Ireland as 
well as the Bay of Biscay; and there is no doubt that it formerly reached that part 
of the Mediterranean where Sicily is. One of the species (Nucuwla Cobboldie) has 
been hitherto known from Japan only ; but it is probable that when the coralline 
and deep-sea zones of the circumpolar ocean shall have been explored, this species 
will be discovered in the highest latitudes. 
The author is inclined to reject from the list of Bridlington fossils the following 
species, viz. Mytilus edulis, Cardium edule, Littorina litorea, L. rudis, and Purpura 
lapillus, because they are littoral, and therefore not likely to be associated with 
species which belong to the coralline zone, such as Rhynchonella psittacea, Venus 
fluctuosa, Dentalium striolatum, Admete viridula, and Columbella Holbolli. . These 
littoral shells may have come from the boulder-clay, and been accidentally mixed 
with the shells from the deposit under consideration. 
Bridlington Fossil Shells. 
B., British Museum; L., Leckenby in Cambridge University Museum and at Scarborough ; 
P., Collection of Professor Phillips in Oxford University Museum; W., 8. V. Wood, 
‘Monograph of Crag Mollusea;’ W. jr., 8. V. Wood, junr.’s list; Wd., 8. P. Wood- 
ward’s list; Y., York Museum. 
No. | Name of Species. | Where. seen | Synonyms and | Where living. 
BraAcuHiopopa. 
1. | Rhynchonella psittacea, | W., W. jr., |..seccccseees eeeeanen Arctic seas; Shetland ; 
Chemnitz. Wad. N.E. America; N. 
Pacific. 
ConcnirEra. 
2. | Anomia ephippium, Be Wox Watelesscaneee ecasb amas ..-| Iceland to Madeira ; 
Linné. jr., Wa., Labrador to Cape 
nv Cod. 
3. | Pecten Islandicus, Miil/er, B.. L., W., | P. pusio, 8. V. | Arctic seas to Bergen ; 
W. jr.,Wd.,, Wood. N.E. America ; 
rE Japan. 
4, | Mytilus edulis, Z. ...... We. Wo jr-y. |ocnsscsecacsecceevess| N. -Atlantictand ain, 
Wd. Pacific, as well as 
olar. 
5. | —— modiolus, L.......... Wits AWWis Jay adlovcncswacettwacchass: N. Atlantic to Cork, 
Wad. and N. Pacific; not 
known as polar. 
6. | Nucula Cobboldizx, B., L., W., | NV. insignis, Japan. 
Leathes, W.jr.,Wd.,| Gould. 
we 
