47 



TABLE 26.— GENERAL PHYSICAL CONSTANTS ACCORDING TO BIRGE* 

 Part 1. — Principal constants and ratios 



Velocity of light c = (2.99776 ± 0.00004) X 10 10 cm sec" 1 



Gravitation constant G = (6.670 ± 0.005) X 10" 8 dyne cm 2 g" 2 



Liter (= 1000 ml) i = 1000.028 ± 0.002 cm 3 



Volume of ideal gas (0°C, A,).... Vo = (22.4146 ± 0.0006) X 10 s cm 8 atm" 1 mole" 1 



V'o = 22.4140 ± 0.0006 / atm" 1 mole" 1 

 Volume of ideal gas (0°C, A«)...V a = (22.4157 ± 0.0006) X 10 3 cm 3 atm" 1 mole" 1 



V' ti = 22.4151 ± 0.0006 / atm" 1 mole" 1 

 Atomic weights (see Part 2). 



Standard atmosphere A = 1.013246 ± 0.000004) X 10 9 dyne cm" 2 



45° atmosphere A ti = (1.013195 ± 0.000004) X lOMynecm" 2 



Ice-point (absolute scale) To = 273.16 ± 0.01°K 



Joule equivalent /» = 4.1855 ± 0.0004 abs joule/cal, 5 



Joule equivalent (electrical) J\> = 4.1847 ± 0.0003 int joule/cahs 



Faraday constant : 



(1) Chemical scale F = 96501. 2 ± 10 int coul/g equiv. 



= 96487., ±1.0 abs coul/g equiv. 

 = 9648.7? ± 1.0 abs emu/g equiv. 

 F' —Fc= (2.89247 ± 0.00030) X 10 M abs esu/g equiv. 



(2) Physical scale F = 96514. ± 10 abs coul/g equiv. 



= 9651.4o ± 1.0 abs emu/g equiv. 

 F' =Fc = (2.89326 ± 0.00030) X 10" abs esu/g equiv. 

 Avogadro number (chemical scale). No = (6.0228 3 ± 0.0011) X 10 23 molecules/mole 



Electronic charge e — F/No = (1.60203, ± 0.00034) X 10" 20 abs emu 



e' = ec = (4.8025, ± 0.0010) X 10" 10 abs esu 



Specific electronic charge e/m = ( 1 .7592 ± 0.0005) X 10' abs emu/g 



e'/m =ec= (5.2766 ± 0.0015) X 10" abs esu/g 

 Planck's constant h (see Part 4) 



Part 2. — Atomic weights 



(1) Physical scale (O 18 = 16.0000) 



.H 1 = 1.00813 ± 0.00001, iH 2 = 2.01473 ± 0.00001. 



,H= 1.00827. ±0.00001t 



(from HVH* abundance = 6900 ± 100) 

 2 He* = 4.00389 ± 0.00007 



,C 12 = 12.00386 ± 0.0004 6 C 13 = 13.00761 ± 0.00015 



C = 12.01465 ± 0.00023 



(from O'/C abundance = 92 ± 2) 

 ,N M = 14.00753 ± 0.00005 7N 15 = 15.0049 ± 0.0002 



N= 14.01121 ±0.00009 5 



(from N 14 /N 15 abundance = 270 ± 6) 

 8 18 = 16.0000 8 0" = 17.0045 8 18 = 18.0049 



0= 16.00435, ±0.00008„ 



[from abundance O 16 : O 18 : O" = (506 ± 10) : 1 : (0.204 ± 0.008)] 



(2) Chemical scale (0 = 16.0000) 



Ratio physical to chemical scale : 



r = (16.004357 ± 0.000086)/ 16 = 1.00272 ± 0.000005 

 H 1 = 1.00785. ± 0.00001 8 (from physical scale) 

 H 2 = 2.OHI82 ± 0.00002! (from physical scale) 

 H = I.OO8OO2 ± 0.00001 8 (from physical scale) 

 He 4 = 4.00280 ± 0.00007 (from physical scale) 

 C = 12.01139 ± 0.00024 (from physical scale) 

 N = 14.00740 ± 0.00012 (from physical scale) 

 N = 14.0086 ± 0.0007 (direct observation) 

 Na = 22.994 ± 0.003 

 CI = 35.457 ± 0.001 

 Ca = 40.080 ± 0.005 

 Ag = 107.880 ± 0.002 

 1= 126.915 ±0.004 



* Unless otherwise specified, all quantities in this table that involve the mol or the gram equivalent 

 are on the chemical scale of atomic weights. 



(continued) 



SMITHSONIAN PHYSICAL TABLES 



