TABLES 171-183.— HEATS OF COMBUSTION 179 



TABLE 171.— COMBUSTION CONSTANTS OF SOME SUBSTANCES 52 



Reciprocal of Heat of combustion 



density Spec, gravity 



Substance Formula m 3 /100kg air = 1.000 Btu/ft 3 kg cal/m 3 



Carbon C .... .... .... 7840.* 



Hydrogen H 2 1172. 6.959XK)- 2 275.0 2445. 



Oxygen 2 73.7 1.1053 



Carbon monoxide CO 84.4 .9672 321.8 2860. 



Paraffin series : GH 2n+2 



Methane CH, 147.0 .5543 913.1 8120. 



Ethane GH« 77.6 1.04882 1641. 14,600 



Propane GH, 52.2 1.5617 2385. 21,200 



Isobutane GH,„ 39.5 2.06654 3105. 27,600 



Olefin series : C n H 2n 



Ethylene GH, 83.6 .9740 1513.2 13,450 



Propylene GH. 56.3 1.4504 2186. 19,400 



Isobutene GH« 42.2 1.9336 2869. 25,500 



Aromatic series : CnH 2n -e 



Benzene GH„ 30.3 2.6920 3601. 32,000 



Toluene GH, 25.6 3.1760 4284. 38,100 



Xylene GH,. 22.2 3.6618 4980. 44,300 



Miscellaneous gases 



Acetylene GH 2 89.5 .9107 1448. 12,870 



Naphthalene G»H« 18.4 4.4208 5654. 50,300 



Methyl alcohol CH.OH 73.7 1.1052 768.0 6830. 



Ethyl alcohol GH 5 OH 51.3 1.5890 1450.5 12,900 



Ammonia NH 3 136.5 .5961 365.1 3245. 



Sulfur S .... .... .... 2210.* 



Hydrogen sulfide H 2 S 68.5 1.1898 596. 5300. 



52 Shnidman, Louis (ed.), Gaseous fuels, p. 118, Amer. Gas Assoc, 1948. 

 * Expressed in cal/g. 



TABLE 172.— FLAME TEMPERATURES AS MEASURED BY VARIOUS 



METHODS* 



Gas Burner Temp °C 



Amyl acetate Bunsen 1420 



Meker (center flame) 1700 



(edge of flame) 1850 



Propane Meker 1680 



City gas Bunsen 1 760 



City gas + air Blast 1950 



City gas -j- oxygen " 2300 



Carbon monoxide + air " 1985 



16% [methane (CH,)]+air " 1880 



10% (90 CH, + 10% 0) + air " 1905 



16% (80 CH, + 20% 0) + air " 1975 



10.8% (75 CH, + 25%0) + air " 2005 



22% (60 CH, + 40 H 2 ) + air " 1910 



32% (26 CH, + 94 H 2 ) + air " 2015 



H 2 + air " 2045 



9% (80 CH, + 20 GH,) + air " 1970 



(15 CH, + 85GH 2 ) +air a 2275 



Pittsburgh natural gas with air " 1950 



Butane-air " 2000 



Oxy-hydrogen " 2800 



Oxy-acetylene " 3500 



* See also Table 175. 



SMITHSONIAN PHYSICAL TABLES 



