ON THE EXPLORATION Or THE SETTLE CAVES. 



171 



bed, to be hereafter mentioned. One of the polished long bones of an Ox 

 has a crust of stalagmite upon it, and the polish I'uns up to and under it. 



The greatest distance to which wc have traced separate bones of the same 

 individual is 44 feet in the case of the right calcaneum and right astragalus 

 of a Hyffina; they occurred at the depths of 10 and 6 feet respectively. 



Another interesting case is that of a magnificent pair of Reindeer-antlers, 

 ■which were in four portions scattered over a distance of 32 feet. Moreover, 

 and this is an instructive fact, the several portions were in different states of 

 preservation, yet could be fitted together without any difficulty. This we 

 should do well to remember when inclined to speculate on the relative age of 

 bones from their state of preservation. 



Again, the two fibulas of Bear, probably belonging to the same individual, 

 being a right and left, and having each a tumour of the bone in the same 

 position on the shaft, remind us that bears may have sources of discomfort 

 quite apart from the " res angusta domi." Two fearfuUy swollen and dis- 

 torted metatarsals of the same animal (^V* ^^^ s'V*) *^^ *^^ same tale. On 

 the other hand, two large tusks of the Grisly Bear (^^ and ^), worn down 

 almost to their sockets, would seem to indicate a healthy life extending to a 

 good old age. 



Your Reporter has carefully reduced from the data in the register a synop- 

 tical section, showing the occurrence of each animal in the different parallels 

 and the depth at which they occur. The result is a Table too bulky for pub- 

 lication, but its substance may be briefly given in words. 



The bones appear to group themselves chiefly along two horizons, which 

 are separated from one another by a greater or less thickness of cave-earth, 

 laminated clay, and stalagmite. 



The lower extends from the back of the boulder-beds before the cave 

 mouth, is continuous with that which contained the human fibula, and runs 

 almost continuously as far as P 42, and possibly further. The upper bed com- 

 mences only at P 1 5, and extends to about P 43. "^\Tiere the upper bed com- 

 mences, the two horizons are about 12 feet from one another ; but the lower 

 rises quickly towards P 23, then continues horizontally at a depth of about 5 

 feet below the upper bed as far as P 35. At this point it rises still more, and 

 the two beds not only touch each other, but seem to be somewhat intermingled. 



The following Table shows the species occurring in the two beds in 

 Chamber D : — 



Peculiar to Upper Bed. 



Badger. 



Horse. 



Pig. 



Beindeer. 



Goat or Slieep ? 



PeciiUar to Lower Bed. 

 Hyteua. 

 Brown Bear ? 

 Elephas antiqmis. 

 Rhinoceros le-ptorhinits. 

 Hippopotamus. 

 Bos primigcnivs ? 



Common to both. 

 Man. 

 Fox. 



Grisly Bear. 

 Red Deer. 



Of course further work may much alter these lists. 



