TRANSACTIONS OV THE SliCTJONS. 149 



mouoxylic coffin from Gristliorpe contained, together with other relics closely 

 similar to the relics founil at Treenhoi, in South Jutland, in a similar coffin, a skull 

 which, as I can testify from a cast given me by my friend Mr. H. S.llarland, 

 might very well pass for that of a brachycephalic Dane of the Neolithic period. 

 Canon Greeuwell discovered a similar monoxylic coffin at Slripton, in Yorkshire ; 

 and two others have been recorded from the same county — one from the neigh- 

 bourhood of Driffield, the other from that of Thornborough. Evidence, again, is 

 drawn fi-om Col. Lane Fox's opinion that the earthworks which form such striking 

 objects for inquiry here and there on the East-Riding Wolds must, considering 

 that tlie art of war has been the same in its broad features in all ages, have 

 been thrown up by an invading force advancing from the east coast. Now we 

 do know that England was not only made Euo;land by immigration from that 

 corner or angle where the Cimbric Peninsula joins the main land, but that long 

 after that change of her name this country was successfully invaded from that 

 Peninsula itself. And what Swegen and Cnut did some four hundred and fifty 

 years after the time of Ilengist and Horsa, it is not unreasonable to suppose other 

 warriors and. other tribes from the same locality may have done perhaps twice or 

 thrice as many centuries further back in time than the Saxon Conquest. The 

 huge proportions of the Cimbri, Teutones, and Ambrones are just what the skeletons 

 of 'the British Round-Barrow folk enable us now to reproduce for omselves. It is 

 much to be regretted that from the vast slaughters of Aqute Sextia; and Vercellffi, 

 no relics have been preserved which might have enabled us to say whether Boiorix 

 and his companions had the cephalic proportions of Neolithic Danes, or those very 

 diffiirent contours which we are familiar with from Saxon gi-aves throughout 

 England, and from the so-called "Danes' graves " of Yorkshire. Whatever might 

 be the result of such a discovery and such a comparison, I think it would in 

 neither event justify the application of the term " Kymi-ic " to the particular form 

 of skull to which Retzius and Broca have assigned it. 



Some years ago I noticed the absence of the brachycephalic British type of skull 

 from an extensive series of Romano-British skulls which had come into my hands; 

 and subsequently to my doing this, Canon Greenwell pointed out to me that such 

 skulls as we had from late Keltic cemeteries, belonging to the comparatively 

 short period which elapsed between the end of the Bronze Period and the estab- 

 lishment of Roman rule in Great Britain, seemed to have reverted mostly to the 

 priJe-Bronze dolichocephalic type. This latter type, the " kumbecephalic type '' of 

 Professor Daniel Wilson, manifests a singular vitality, as the late and much 

 lamented Professor Phillips pointed out long ago at a Meeting of this Association 

 held at Swansea — the dark -haired variety, which is very ordinarily the longer- 

 lieaded and the shorter-statured variety of our countrymen, being represented in very 

 groat abimdauce in those regions of England which can be shown, by irrefragable 

 and multifold evidence, to have been most thoroughly permeated, imbibed, and 

 metamorphosed by the infusion of Saxons and Danes, in the districts, to wit, of 

 Derby, Leicester, Stamford, and Loughborough. IIow, and in what way, this type 

 of man, one to which some of the most valuable men now bearing the name of 

 Englishman, which they once abhorred, belong, has contrived to reassert itself, we 

 may, if I am rightly informed, hear some discussion in this department. Before 

 leaving this part of my subject I would say that the Danish type of head still sur- 

 vives amongst us ; but it is to my thinking not by any means so common, at least in 

 the Midland counties, as the dark-haired type of which we have j ust been speaking. 

 And I would add that I hope I may find that the views which I have here hinted 

 at will be found to be in accord with the extensive researches of Dr. Beddoe, a 

 gentleman who worthily represents and upholds the interests of Anthropology in 

 ■ this city, the city of Prichard, and who is considered to be more or less dis- 

 qualified for occupying the post which I now hold, mainly from the fact that he 

 has occupied it before, and that the rules of the British Association, like the laws 

 of Eno-land, have more or less of an abhorrence of perpetuities. 



The largest result which craniometry and cubage of skulls have attained is, 

 to my thinldiig, the demonstration of the following facts, viz. : — first, that the 

 cubical contents of many skulls from the earliest sepultures from which we have 

 any skulls at all, are larger considerably than the average cubical contents of 



