220 REPORT— 1875. 



i-inmaking of those laws wliich now hedge them in on every side. Those whom 

 Government can afford to forget must not expect to be fairly dealt with by the 

 law. Not working women only but all women suffer. The loss from waste labour 

 is not gi-eater than the loss from waste thoughts prevailing up and down tlie king- 

 dom in women's minds. Incentives to industry that are powerful for men are 

 wanting to women. 



On Free Trade in Labour. Bi/ D. A. Spalding. 



Statistics of Free Public Libraries. Bif Miss Stamp. 



On the Comparative Mortality of Abstainers and Mn- Abstainers from 

 Alcoholic Liquors. By E. Vivian, M.A. 

 From the returns of the United Kingdom Temperance and General Provident 

 Institution established on the -Slst December, 1840, exclusively as a Total Absti- 

 nence Life Assurance Society, to which a second department, open to the General 

 Public, was added in the year 1847, the following statistics were given :— 



I. Pecuniary Eesults, as shown by the Reversionary Bonus declared on the 

 Premiums during successive quinquennial periods : — 



Mean 

 Year. Section. Ppr cent. per cent. DiiferenRe. 



1860. Total Abstinence .'ir) to 86 = 61) .^„ 



General 26 to 59 = 41/ 



1865. Total Abstinence 24 to 56 = 40 J n, 



„ General 17 to 52 = -34 ( 



1870. Total Abstinence 34 to 84 = 59 [ g. 



„ General 20 to 49 = 34| 



From this it appeared that the advantage in favour of tlie Total Abstinence 

 Department was, in the five vears ending 1860, as 01 to 41 ; in the period ending 

 in 1865 as 40 to 34 ; and in 1870, as 59 to 34. 



As it might have been objected that the pecuniary results were affected by th" 

 varying amounts of the claims under the Policies in the several Departments, i! 

 was considered advisable to calculate the expected and actual deaths ; the follow- 

 ing were the results : — 



In the Total Absti- In the General 



nence Department. Department. 



r -^ ^ , '' > 



Expected Actual Expected Actual 



Deaths. Deaths. Deaths. Deaths. 



1866-70 ( 549 406 1008 944 



f five years). I Difference -143 Difference -64 



1871-74 ) 561 390 994 1027 



(four vears). ] Difference -171 Difference -1-.33 



Totals (nine 1110 796 2002 1971 



years). | Difference —314 Difference —31 



viz. 25 per cent, below viz. 2 per Cf^nt. below 



the average. the average. 



In the last Report of the Institution presented at the Annual Meeting on ]\Iay 25. 

 1875, the Actuary reported the Mortality on Whole Life Policies to have been a; 

 follows : — Expected Claims in the Total Abstinence Department 153, for £29,648 : 

 Actual Claims 110, for £24,683. 



In the General Depai-tment— Expected Claims 263, for £54,092 ; Actual Claim-- 

 £578, for 28,006. 



On thf Science of Capital and Money. By W. Westoarth. 



