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INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY — PUBLICATION NO. 1 1 



and the plaza was inaugurated and named after 

 some prisoners of war who were shot here by 

 Mexican Imperiahsts in 1866. As early as 1858 

 the term "Plaza Principal" was applied to the 

 small but centrally located plaza, surrounded on 

 three sides by portales constructed 1861-63, which 

 still bears this name. And as early as 1860 the 

 present Plaza de la Constituci6n was being re- 

 ferred to as the Plaza Vieja. The three plazas 

 that we have just mentioned are the only plazas 

 in Quiroga, although there are a number of small 

 "squares" or plazuelas which are discussed later. 



STREETS 



Our discussion of the development of divisions, 

 streets, plazas, leading buildings, etc., in Quiroga 

 is based primarily on a study of the minutes of the 

 municipal cabildo, the records in the civil register, 

 a few inscriptions, several old property titles, and 

 the recollections of some of the older inliabitants 

 (which last item caused more confusion than it 

 provided help). The growth of Cocupao is 

 indicated by its elevation to Villa de Cocupao de 

 Quiroga in 1852, and its separation from Tzint- 

 zuntzan and establishment as an independent 

 parish or curacy in 1853. During the 1850's the 

 new cemeterj' was inaugurated, a chapel of San 

 Miguel was erected in the barrio of that appella- 

 tion, the ruined church of the old Indian hospital 

 (Ivnown as the temple of La Concepci6n) was 

 restored, a fountain or pila with a statue of 

 "America" (the figure of a woman at the top of a 

 shaft) was erected in the Plaza Principal, the parish 

 church was repaired after the damages wrought by 

 the great earthquake of June 19, 1858, and 

 nimierous streets were opened up and several 

 bridges were built over the Arroyo de Quiroga and 

 other streams which pass through the town. As 

 of aljout 1859 there were reputed to be 40 streets 

 in Quiroga. This figure is misleading since what 

 we would call a street five blocks in length would 

 be broken up into as many streets as there were 

 blocks; i. e., a grid of five north-south streets 

 intersecting five east-west streets would provide 40 

 different street names, although a few of the more 

 important routes or streets might retain the same 

 name for several blocks. 



STBEET NAMES 



The evolution of the street names in Quiroga 

 provides an interesting sidelight on national and 



local history. The names can be divided into 

 tliree groups: (a) Names of local significance 

 and mainly from the colonial or early republican 

 period, (6) names of heroes of the revolt against 

 Spain (1808-21), and (c) names of heroes of the 

 Wars of Reform (about 1854-61), and names of 

 heroes of the French Intervention (1862-67). 

 The paucity of names from the Diaz period and 

 from the Madero revolution is noteworthy. With 

 changes in the political complection of the ayunta- 

 miento there were commonly changes in street 

 names. Furthermore, a certain name might be 

 applied to a street in one part of town at one 

 period, be discarded by a later ayuntamiento, and 

 still later be resurrected and applied to a street in 

 some other part of town. Although the location of 

 a number of the streets has not been determined, 

 we give below the names in the various classes. 

 If general or exact location of a street is known, it 

 is preceded by the reman numeral indicating the 

 cuartel. Names in capital letters are still in use, 

 either commonly or officially; only the portion of 

 the name most frequently used is capitalized; e. g. 

 (Pablo de) LA LLAVE, or Manuel DOBLADO. 

 The names within parentheses, just after the name 

 being discussed, represent past or present syno- 

 nyms. The meanings of common names are given 

 in English, and the importance of individuals is 

 given in brief form. The dates, after the listing, 

 indicate last mention encountered (-1861, for 

 example), first mention (1873-), or period of 

 mention (1909-13). 



Local names, probably of colonial origin 



Abasto Viejo (Rastro Viejo), slaughterhouse abandoned 

 prior to 1860 and not to be confused with the present 

 street of that name. 



II AGUA, water. 



Alamo, poplar, -1861. 



II ALCANTARILLA (AGUACATE, Gonzdlez Ortega), 

 water tower or fountain. 



II and III Alcantarillas (CALVARIO, n. Nacional, 

 RAMON CORONA), underground conduit. 



Atascal, barrier or miry place. 



II BANG DE CABALLOS, horse bath. 



II Buenavista, good view, -1913. 



Cadena, chain, -1803. 



II and III CALVARIO (n. Nacional, RAMON CORONA), 



calvary. 

 Canela, cinnamon, -1863. 

 Cerbatana, culverin or blowgun, -1861. 



III Chirimoyo, Cherimolia, -1929. 



I CORONA (s. REFORMA), crown. 

 Ill and IV CRUZ (e. JUAREZ), cross. 



