QUIROGA: a MEXICAN MUNICIPIO — BRAND 



95 



communities, arranged according to approximate 

 frequency of mention, are: 



Tzintzuntzan Santa Pe— Con. ^an Andrfs 



Seras. Cuirfs. Cuands 



Zira, Cira. Mayapeti. Zir6ndaro. 



Picho, Pichu. Seja, Ceja. OUoqui. 



Cuiriz. Nambo. Ouiroga 



Chichipan. Cufn. 



Huipe. Chagolla. 



Zacapu. San Jerdnimo ^°''^- 



Cufn. Mexicano. 



Huapeo. Cufn. 



Santa Fe Zinziin. Huacuz. 



Picho. Cuirfs. 



Huacuz. Cuands. Tzintzun. 



Tz'ntzun. Nambo. 



Disregarding Chagolla and Anita, which are quite 

 unimportant outside of Quiroga, the over-all fre- 

 quency is about as follows: 



Huacuz, Huacijs, Guacuz, A small eagle or large hawk. 



etc. 



Cuands, Cuanaz, etc A frog. 



Tzintzun, Zinzun, Sinsiin, A hummingbird. 



etc. 



Cuirfs, Cuiriz, etc A waterfowl of the duck 



family. 



Seja, Ceja Possiblynotlndianin origin . 



Zira,' Cira, Sira Possibly not Tarascan. 



Mexicano, Mesicana, Meji- A Mexican Indian. 



cano. 



Cufn, Cuini Any small bird. 



Huapeo, Huape, perhaps Meaning uncertain. 



Huipe.' 



OUoqui Meaning not known to us. 



Chichipan > Probably a Mexicano name. 



Mayapeti, Mayapiti, etc Something to do with a 



market. 



Picho,' Plchu Meaning uncertain. 



Nambo Meaning unknown to us. 



Zir6ndaro A marsh or swampy place. 



Seras Possibly not Indian in origin. 



Zacapo, Zacapu, etc A stone. 



Cacarf , Cacar6 Stonecutter or mason. 



Such names as Cuate, Xochiealli (both of Mexican origin), 

 Hisetzen, Huacapu, Hucuja, Huacuja, Huetzen, etc. 



1 The interested reader will note some discrepancies between a number of 

 the meanings wc liave listed and those given on page 233 of Foster's mono- 

 graph on Tzintzuntzan. The names concerning which we do not agree are; 

 Huipe, Zira, Picho. and Chichipan. Dr. Foster utilized etymologies pro- 

 vided by Pablo Vel&squez, a native of Charapan in the Sierra. Our etymol- 

 ogies were derived from Jos6 Corona Ktinez' knowledge of Tarascan language 

 and literature, several Tarascan-Spanish dictionaries, and information locally 

 provided. Since the Tarascan language has altered somewhat since the six- 

 teenth century, and since the Sierra and Lake dialects differ considerably in 

 some elements of the vocabulary, it is not possible to be absolutely certain 

 concerning all Tarascan or supposedly Tarascan words. The reader is at 

 liberty to accept either or reject both etymologies. 



It is of interest to note that names of positive or 

 probable Mexicano (Nahuatl) Indian origin are 

 practically restricted to the areas of strongest 

 Spanish and Mexican colonial settlement, namely, 

 Tzintzuntzan and Quiroga. The names assumed 

 to be Mexican in origin, and the possessors to be 

 descendants of Mexican Indians, are Chagolla, 

 Chichipan, Cuate, Mexicano, and Xochiealli. 



There is yet one more source which gives us 

 some idea concerning the ethnic composition of 

 Quiroga. This is the civil register. During the 

 years 1873 to 1885 it was customary to indicate 

 nationality and race; and, with reference to those 

 of Me.xican nationahty, to distinguish "Mexicano 

 indigena" (Indian) from "Mexicano no indigena" 

 (non-Indian Mexican) . A survey of the year 1873 

 sho%vs that some or all of the individuals with the 

 following surnames were considered to be Indians: 

 Abrego, Alvarado, Ambris, Anitan, Aparicio, 

 Banderas, Bautista, Bonifacio, Cabrera, Chavez, 

 Coronado, Diaz, Estrada, Fabela, Fabiin, Flores, 

 Frutos, Gonzdlez, Guit^rrez, Heredia, Hernandez, 

 Judrez, L6pez, Martinez, Mateo, Marcos, Mejia, 

 Mejicano, Negr6n, Olayo, Ontiveros, Pena, Pio, 

 Ramos, Rangel, Ranu'rez, Romdn, Roque, Sal- 

 mer6n, Sdnchez, Saucedo, Silva, Valdivia, Valdfe, 

 Valdovinos, Vdzquez, and Zavala. 



ETHNIC DISTRICTS 



The leading Indian families of Quiroga at 

 present are the Valdovinos, Peiia, Flores, Anita, 

 Salmerdn, Mexicano, Estrada, L6pez, Rangel, 

 ChagoUa, and Guzmdn. Approximately one-half 

 or more of the members of the first six families 

 mentioned live in the Calvario district. Just as 

 certain family names are predominant in the In- 

 dian element, and have a regional concentration 

 in the recognized Indian district of El Calvario, 

 there are certain other family names with circum- 

 scribed distribution and with ethnic connotations. 

 In this connection one can make a tripart division 

 of the Quiroga region. The Calvario is predomi- 

 nantly Indian, with secondary concentrations of 

 Indian families in adjacent portions of cuarteles 

 II and III, and in cuartel I which contained the 

 old colonial Indian hospital and also comprises 

 lands which were acquired from Santa Fe some 

 80 years ago. The heart of Quiroga, comprising 

 parts of aU four cuarteles and most of the stores 



