QUIROGA: a MEXICAN MUNICIPIO — BRAND 



165 



Biigluh Spanish 



Quarry Cantera 



Mine Mina 



Stone Piedra 



Flagstone, flat stone Piedra laja 



Vesicular basalt, and some "Tesontli" 



andesitic and basaltic tuffs. 



Obsidian Obsidiana 



Flint Pedernal, Silicio.. 



Salt Sal 



Lime, limestone Cal, caliza 



Sulfur (stone) Azufre, piedra de. 



Turquoise Turquesa 



Jadeite Jade 



Marble Marmol 



Gypsum Yeso 



Alum Alumbre 



Crystal Cristal 



Lodestone Piedra iman 



Black volcanic sands (near the Cerro Divisadero, 

 the Mesa de Cutzaro, and the Cerro Hueco, on the 

 slopes of Tzirate and Chino, and near Icudcato) 

 are used in surfacing roads and yards, in making 

 cement, and in tempering various clays. Because 

 of the lack or paucity of rhyolites and hornblende 

 andesites, there is little high-grade potters clay in 

 the Quhoga area. Although no pottery is made in 

 Quiroga, the local red clays seem to be as good as 

 those obtained by the potters of Tzintzuntzan 

 on the lower slopes of Taridcm-i or by the potters of 

 Santa Fe in the banks of the arroyos that descend 

 from the Mesa de Santa Fe and the Cerro Guay- 

 ameo. However, there are small deposits of white 

 clays (seemingly of the kaolinite group) near 

 Purench^cuaro and Chupicuaro used by Santa Fe ; 

 and a white clay or "piedra blanca" used in 

 Tzintzimtzan is said to come from near La 

 Tirlmicua above Quiroga. We were unable to 

 locate this deposit, which may have given the 

 alternative name of Cerro de la Mina to the Cerro 



English Spanish 



Sand Arena 



Ash, tufif Ceniza, toba 



Earth, soil Tierra, suelo 



Clay, mud Arcilla, barro, lodo 



"Adobe" Adobe 



Red earth Tierra bermeja, colorada. 



White earth Tierra blanca 



Black earth Tierra negra, prieta 



Sun-dried brick Adobe 



Tarascan Mcricano 



Tzacapu haracuqua (?). 



(7) (?). 



Tzacapu Tetl. 



Huiramba Piastli. 



Janamu, xanamu Tetzontli. 



Tzinapu, Chinapo Itztli, Itztetl. 



(7) Tecpatl. 



Etucua Iztatl. 



Hapu tzacapu curiracata.. Tenextetl. 



Tzacapu quinguimari Tlequiquiztlalli. 



Maruaticuacari Xihuitl, Teoxihuitl. 



(7) Chalchihuitl. 



Itzimaruati (7). 



Uiras (7). 



Jaripu (7). 



Tzarati (7). 



Maruati tzacapu tirimariri, (7). 



de la Muneca. On occasion workable deposits of 

 kaolin may be produced in basalts by alteration. 

 Currently, the best clays in the general region are 

 said to come from near Purudndiro, Zindparo, and 

 the State of Guanajuato. Certain earths are 

 used in producing the base or maque on the 

 "lacquered" wares of Quiroga. The tierra colorada 

 or red earth is obtained on the slopes of the Cerro 

 de la Muneca and elsewhere near La Tirlmicua. 

 The black earth or tierra negra is an earth rich in 

 humus formed under the oak trees and on the 

 wooded slopes of the area. Analyses of these two 

 earths are given later with the discussion of 

 Quiroga "lacquer" work. Large quantities of 

 reddish clay within Quhoga and on the upper 

 outskirts of town are used in the making of bricks, 

 tiles, and other fired products. Also, the adobes 

 (sun-dried bricks) for houses and walls are com- 

 monly made from grayish clay soils within Quiroga 

 and the ranchos. These industries are discussed 

 later. Some of the local terms are: 



Tarascan Mexicano 



Cutzari Xalli. 



Hapu (7). 



Echeri, Echerendo Tlalli, Tlalpantli. 



Atzimu Zoquitl, Zoquipololli. 



(?) Xamil. 



Charanda Tlalcuztli. 



Hapupata, Uiras (7). 



Tucura (humus) (7). 



Yahuarucata (7). 



