114 INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY — ^PUBLICATION NO. 12 



Men Boys Women oiris Total (J) The sound of a letter is Sometimes added 



6 : 30- S : 30 4 3 3 1 11 • ^j interior of a word ; for example, 



8:30-10:30 25 6 1 2 34 5 i' ? 



10 : 30-12 : 30 45 33 8 7 93 Caipira Portuguese 



12 : 30- 2 : 30 38 23 5 9 75 Arlindro Arlindo 



2:30-4:30 35 11 5 7 58 chef re chefe 



4:30-6:30 22 10 4 — 36 despois depois 



T A -KTz-ixT* /-iT-i i'^) THb sound of an initial letter or letters is 



LANGUAGE ^ ;. ■.<. j j^ i 



sometimes omitted; tor example, 



The language spoken in the community is the Caipira Portuguese 



caipira dialect of the Portuguese language. In- cabou acabou 



dian languages which were once used in the area, garrado agarrado 



first by the original inhabitants and later by In- °^^ _ '"^'^^ 



dians captured and brought in from other regions, peragao operacao 



'■ ° 11 rependimento orrependimento 



together witn any language which may have been risipaa erisipfla 



spoken in the community by imported Africans, ta esta 



have completely disappeared, except for a few resi- tava estava 



dual terms which presently will be noted. ^^ . . ^''^ . . 



The difference between the caipira dialect and ^^ 'gencia me igencia 



the Portuguese spoken in the cities is such that ^q q^q 



persons, both in the city and among the caipiras, , ,n rr,, ■, , ■, ■, ^ 



n 1 j-a- 1. • J i. J (ffl) Ihe sound of a letter or letters is some- 



occasionally have some dimculty in understand- . ^ '.,,., . . . , » 



ii, rri J- 1 i. j-YT J! i.1 T) ^ times omitted in the interior of a word : tor exam- 

 mg one another. 1 he dialect dmers from the Pot- ,».«„. ' 



, 1 • XI ■. ■ • ii £ n • pie, lamita for lammta. 



tuguese spoken m the cities in the following ways : , ,^, . ■ 1 /. , 



(e) There is a tendency to omit the final r 



1. Variations in inflection and tone. sound, especially of verbs, and to increase the 



(a) The tendency is more pronounced for the stress on the preceding vowel; for example, 

 voice to "rise" and "fall" periodically during the caipira Portuguese 

 course of a sentence so that the sentence has a more convida convidar 

 rhythmical character. familiA familiar 



(b) The tendency to terminate a sentence with ^'^^ ^'^^^ 

 a rising inflection is also more pronounced. j^^^ j^ 



(c) The variation between individuals who cus- mora morar 

 tomarily speak in a high, shrill voice, at times paga pagar 

 almost shouting, even when standing near the per- Q"<5 quer 

 son spoken to, and those who habitually speak in '^"'^^ quizer 

 low tones, is greater. This may in part be due to j.g ^ 



the nervous tension of one unaccustomed to the v6 ver 



presence of strangers, as well as to individual or visita visitar 



family differences, intensified by isolation and curado curador 



unmodified by training in either the home or school. (/) There is a tendency to omit the final I, m, 



2. Alteration of sounds.^" or s sound ; for example, 



(a) The sound of a letter or letters is sometimes ca.pi.o Portuguese 



added at the beginning of a word; for example, ^^^^^ ^g^!^f 



Caipira Portuguese quarts quartel 



"^'^^oso famoso taquara taquaral 



alembrado lembrado terrive terrivel 



arreunido reunido trop6 tropel 



e«Porte porte co com 



t«formado formado corage coragem 



=» Since the Portuguese language now has no silent letters, ^°™® homem 



each letter employed having a readily determinable sound, these °'''^<^ ordem 



data have been retained in that language. virge virgem 



