58 



REPORT 1877. 



Birmingham 



Leicester 



Nottingham 



Stoke-on-Trenfc 



Wolverhampton 



Average 



Population 

 1871. 



343,787 

 95,220 

 86,621 



130,985 

 68,291 



144,981 



Mortality 



per 1000 



per annum. 



244 

 270 

 242 

 27-9 

 25-9 



9S 



OO 



And, again, the average death-rate of twelve inland non-manufacturing 

 towns supplied with soft water was 26-0 per 1000 ; while that of twenty- 

 similar towns supplied with hard water was only 23-2. 



"When, however, the mortalities of the districts including the principal 

 English watering-places are compared, there appears to be little variation in 

 the death-rate, whether the population he supplied with soft, moderately- 

 hard, or hard water ; so that it may be safely concluded that where sanitary- 

 conditions prevail with equal uniformity, the rate of mortality is practically 

 uninfluenced by the degree of hardness of the water drank ; and H.M. Rivers 

 Pollution Commission are of opinion that " soft and hard waters, if equally 

 free from deleterious organic substances, are equally wholesome." 



Your Committee has as yet not been able to obtain much information as 

 to the water supply to bo obtained from the Permian rocks. These beds in 

 different areas of England present so many distinct types that an analysis of 

 them may be found useful to those inclined to work up information for your 

 Committee. 



Its Salopian type*. 



Well shown in the neighbourhood of Enville, south of Bridgnorth. In 

 descending order : — 



UrPER Series. 



Middle Series. 



Lower Series. 



lied and purple sandstones and marls. 



f Breccia in a marly base GO to 120 feet. 



I Sandstone and marl 40 to 



•^ Calcareous conglomerate 



] Sandstone and marl 30 to 



^ Calcareous conglomerate 



" Purple sandstones, passing various shades 

 of red, brown, and occasionally white, 

 often calcareous, and interstratified 

 with red marls 



(Coal-measures of Forest of Wyre.) 



In Warwickshire the lower series occur, and the overlying calcareous 

 breccias may be seen at Coleshill and Hurley, near Easterly ; whilo the 

 higher beds have been penetrated in a boring for water at Warwick at a 

 depth of 700 feet, and arc pierced in shallow wells at Kenilworth. The whole 

 of this triple series is believed to belong to the Rothiodtliegen<le, or Lower 

 Permian. 



50 

 30 

 40 

 12 



850 



* Memoirs of the Geological Survey. "The Triassic Rocks of the Midland Counties 

 of England." By E. HuU F.B.S. London : 1869. 



