NO. 1847. THE LADDER-BACKED WOODPECKERS— OBERHOLSER. 159 



Female:^ Wing, 97.5-103 (101.7); tail, 57-62 (59.8); exposed 

 culmen, 19.5-20.5 (20); tarsus, 16-17 (16.8); middle toe, 12-13 

 (12.3). 



Type-locality. — "Mexico": i, e., the State of Hidalgo. 



Geographical distribution. — Central Mexico : north to Jaral, southern 

 Coahuila; east to La Ventura, southeastern Coahuila; Pachuca, south- 

 ern Hidalgo; and Chalchicomula, central eastern Puebla; south to 

 Puebla and Atlixco, central western Puebla; and Mexico City, east- 

 ern Mexico (State); west to Silao, southwestern Guanajuato; Ahua- 

 lulco, southwestern San Luis Potosi; and Cedros, northeastern 

 Zacatecas. 



The present subspecies may be distinguished from Dryohates 

 scalaris scalaris by its much greater size; darker ventral surface, with 

 streaks, instead of spots, on breast and sides, and these markings 

 heavier; darker upper surface, the black bars much wider — of 

 about the same width as the white bars — the pileum with less 

 white; and broader postocular and malar stripes, the latter reaching 

 to the bill. 



The birds from the Valley of Mexico, although not examined in the 

 present connection, belong doubtless to this form. The Picus hairdi 

 of Malherbe,^ described from simply "Mexico," is clearly the bird from 

 the State of Hidalgo, as his description, remarks, and plate conclu- 

 sively show, and to this we therefore restrict the name hairdi. 



Of this form, 13 examples have been examined, from the localities 

 that follow : 



Coahuila. — La Ventura; Carneros; Jaral. 



Guanajuato. — Silao. 



Hidalgo. — ^Tula; Pachuca. 



Puebla. — Chalchicomula; Puente Colorado. 



San Luis Potosi. — Hacienda La Parada; Ahualulco. 



1 Six specimens, from the States of Hidalgo, Puebla, Coahuila, and San Luis Potosi, Mexico. 

 3 Mon. Picidges, vol. 1, 1861, p. 118, pi. 27, figs. 7, 8. 



