372 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.41. 



organs.^ When the rest of the anatomy is considered, however, it 

 is seen that the genus can not belong to other than the PupilUdse 

 and in this family it is closely related to Vertigo. 



Genus SPHYRADIUM Charpentier. 



Shell brown, translucent, cylindrical or subconical. Spire elevated 

 and apex obtusely pointed. Axis minutely perforate. Aperture 

 basal, semi-circular and without teeth. Peristome thin and acute, 

 its plane radial from the axis, not reflected or thickened witliin with 

 callus. No indentation in the upper palatal wall. 



Animal without a lower pair of tentacles and foot without pedal 

 grooves. 



Kidney lying parallel to the rectum and with the urethra leading 

 direct from the anterior end to the mantle margin. The granular 

 matter of the kidney is not arranged in a series of longitudinal fila- 

 ments as in most of the other Pupillidas. 



Penis with the vas deferens attached at the apex; flagella absent. 

 Hermaphroditic gland composed of a single mass of granules. No 

 demarcation between the oviduct and vagina. 



The genus is closely related to Vertigo, from which it differs m 

 having no teeth in the aperture of the shell, and the peristome thin 

 and without a callus deposit. Also the surface of the foot is cov- 

 ered with a network of incised lines which are not found in any 

 of the species of Vertigo examined by the writer. It is allied to this 

 genus by the animal lacking a low^er pair of tentacles and by the 

 vas deferens being attached to the apex of the penis, not do^^^l on 

 its side as in Bifidaria or Pwpoides. 



In America there are three species of Sphyradium . One of these has 

 thus far been found only as a fossil and another is almost extinct. 



Key to the American species. 



a. Shell more than 5 mm. in height hasta. 



a '. Shell lass than 3.50 mm. in height. 



h. Shell long and slender; whorls seven to eight alticolum. 



b ^ Shell shorter and more conical; whorls five to six edentulum. 



SPHYRADIUM HASTA, new species. 



Shell more than 5 mm. in height, long and cylindrical. Light 

 brown in color and glossy. Spire greatly elevated but obtusely 

 pointed on the apex. Whorls 8^ to 9, rather flattened on the face 

 and the last subangulated around the periphery. The last six 



» Note by William H. Dall.— Mr. Olaf O. Nylander of Caribou, Maine, having kindly furnished some 

 fresh material, with the help of Miss Mary Breen the jaw and radula of S. edentulum from that locality 

 were Isolated, and prove the correctness of Doctor Sterlci's observations. The jaw is narrow antero- 

 posterially, arcuate, and composed of about 16 rhomboidal overlapping plates. A high magnification is 

 required to bring out these features. The cusps of the teeth on the mature part of the radula were 

 blackish instead of horn color, which is very unusual in the Pulmonata. 



