NO. 1S65. 



AMERICAN SPECIES OF 8PHYRADIVM—HANNA. 



375 



Fig. 3.— Animal of 



SPm-KADIUM EDEX- 

 TULUM DrAPAE- 

 NAUD WITH THE 

 SHELL REMOVED, 

 SHOWING THE KID- 

 NET. Dra^'n by 



CD. 11 ANNA. 



Animal (fig. 3) , with a rather short oval foot. Color dark about the 

 head region, hghter posteriorly and on the sole of the foot. Lower 

 tentacles absent. Foot without pedal grooves or traces of such struc- 

 tures. Surface of body covered with a network of incised lines, the 

 meshes of which are very large. Tliis network is absent in at least 

 some of the Vertigos, but is present in all of the Bifi- 

 daria and Pupoides which the writer has had the op- 

 portunity to examine. 



The breatliuig pore is situated at the upper right- 

 hand angle of the mantle and with the anus imme- 

 diately to the right. There are no black markings 

 on the mantle or lung wall. 



Kidney, a long, slender, granular walled pouch at- 

 tached to the outer wall of the pallial cavity and with 

 the posterior end lying against the anterior end of the 

 albumen gland. The glandular matter of the kidney 

 is not arranged in longitudinal filaments or folds as in 

 most of the other Pupillids, but is evenly distributed over the entire 

 inner surface. There is in the anterior end an indication of transverse 

 bars which are more noticeable on the upper part of the urethra. The 

 urethra leads directly from the anterior end of the kidney to the 

 excretory pore, which is situated as in the other Pupdlidse. It opens 

 into the anterior end of the pallial cavity, immediately posterior to 

 the breathing pore. The size of the urethra and rectum is about the 

 same and the two are separated by a considerable 

 distance. 



The salivary glands are united in one, but 

 have a pair of ducts leading to the buccal mass, 

 and passing beneath the cerebral nerve commis- 

 sure and tlirough the nerve collar. 



The genitalia (fig. 4) are distinctly Pupillid in 

 character. Hermaphroditic gland, composed of 

 a single mass of grape-like granules as in Vertigo. 

 In the Endodontidse, where Sphyradium has here- 

 tofore been placed, this gland is composed of 

 many individual bunches of elongated tubules, 

 the bunches arranged in a diminishing series toward 

 the apex. The gland of S. edentulum is embedded 

 in the anterior end of the liver, which is light 

 Hermaphroditic duct slightly swollen in its lower 

 half, but not convoluted in any part. It discharges into the oviduct 

 at the junction of the latter with the albumen gland. 



The albumen gland is very large and massive, white and transparent, 

 and on the posterior end there are a few scattering specks of black 

 pigment. These are on the outer surface of the gland only. The 

 oviduct is large at the posterior end and gradually diminishes in size 



Fig. 4.— Genitalia of 

 sphyradium edentu- 

 lum Draparnaud. 

 Spec. no. 142, of the 

 writer's collection 

 OF alcoholics. Much 

 magnified. Drawn by 

 g. d. hanna. 



brown in color. 



