NO. 1875. THE JAPANESE 8P ARID M— JORDAN AND THOMPSON. 531 



Priacanthns henm^hari Temminck and Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, 1844, p. 19, 

 pi. 7, fig. 1 (Japan).— Richardson, Ichth., China and Japan, 1846, p. 237.— 

 GtJNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1859, p. 218 (Japan); Ann. and Mag. 

 Nat. Hist. (3), vol. 20, 1867, p. 57 (Sydney).— Nystrom, Jap. Fisksaml., K. 

 Svenska Vet. Akad., vol. 13, 1887, Afd. 4, No. 4 (Nagasaki).— Gxjnther, 

 Challenger Rep., Zool., vol. 1, pt. 6, 1880, p. 39 (Arafura Sea). 



Priacanthns hleeheri, Castelnau, Proc. Zool. Soc. Victoria, vol. 2, 1873, p. 100 

 (according to Boulenger). 



Priacanthns hamrur Bleeker, Atlas Ichth., vol. 7, 1876, p. 13 (part). — Sauvage, 

 Poiss. Madag., 1891, p. 125 (part). 



Habitat. — Australian, East Indian, and Japanese Seas. 



Description of two specimens from Tokyo and Nagasaki, respec- 

 tively 163 and 305 mm. in total length. Head measurements include 

 lower jaw. 



Head 3^ in body length; depth of body 2f ; eyes 2f in head; max- 

 illary 2\; snout 3i; interorbital space 4; D. X, 13; A. Ill, 14; 

 scales in lateral line 75-78, above 97-103, below 76-80, in transverse 

 series between insertions of dorsal and anal 10 or 11/36; gill-rakers 

 3 or4 + 21. 



Breadth of body two in its depth, depth of caudal peduncle two- 

 thirds of eye diameter. Interorbital space but very slightly arched, 

 bone width one-half eye diameter. Gular space much swollen, pro- 

 duced as rounded ridge below borders of dentaries. Nostrils not 

 open widely, but valved. Preopercle with strong flat spine at angle, 

 its tip reaching junction of sub- and interopercles, and usually single; 

 its base usually two-fifths to one-half of its length, which is 4 in eye. 

 Posterior margin of preopercle serrate throughout, and on lower side 

 of spine, but not on upper. Subopercle and interopercle entire, as 

 well as anterior edge of preopercle. Opercle with one short blunt 

 spine and an upper point. Teeth minute in A shaped band on 

 vomer, in narrow bands on palatines, a single row on jaws. 



Dorsal spines long, flexible, spinulose on alternate sides, fitting 

 into groove when supine; second two-thirds of length of last, wliich 

 is 2 in head. Dorsal ra3^s soft, spinulose on both sides; first eight or 

 nine of equal length, If in head, last reaching but halfway to end of 

 caudal peduncle. First anal spine two-thirds of length of tliird, 

 which is contained 2 J in head; anal rays 1| in head. Pectoral 1§ 

 in head. Ventrals equal to head; their spines 1^ in head; tip of 

 rays reaching second anal spine, spinulose on lower side, the inner- 

 most attached to body by membrane. Base of spinous dorsal con- 

 tained 2^ in body length; of soft dorsal 4|^; of anal 2^. Caudal 

 nearly truncate. 



Scales roughly ctenoid, hard to the touch, broad, bases three 

 pronged, present over whole of head save lips, absent on aU fins. 



Color of alcohohc specimens uniform yellowish silvery, apparently 

 red in life. Membranes of ventrals with a few much faded spots. 

 The vertical fins are said to be spotted in life with olive brown. 



