532 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.41. 



This species is not very common in southern Japan. Our speci- 

 mens are from Tokyo and Nagasaki. It is close to Priacanthus 

 cruentatus of the West Indies, but tlie latter species has rougher 

 spines. The types of Priacanthus macracanthus came from Amboyna, 

 and it may possibly be that the Japanese species, Priacanthus henme- 

 hari Temminck and vSchlegel, is really different. 



ilxaKpbc, long; aKavda spine.) 



5. PRIACANTHUS JAPONICUS Cuvier and Valenciennes. 

 CHIKAMEKINME (near-sighted gold eye). 



Priacanthus ja'ponicus Cuvier and Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 3, 1829, 

 p. 106, pi. 50 (Japan).— Temminck and Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, 1844, 

 p. 20 (Nagasaki).— GiJNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1859, p. 217 

 (Japan). — Steindachner and Doderlein, Beitr. Fische Japan's, I, 

 Denkschr. kais. Akad. Wiss. Wien., vol. 47, 1882, p. 239, and Beitr. II, vol. 48, 

 1883, pi. 1, fig. 1 (Japan). — Ishikawa, Prel. Cat. Tokyo Imp. Mus., vol. 1, 

 1897, p. 55 (Tokyo Market). 



Priacanthus supraarmatus Hilgendorf, Sitzungb. Ges. Nat. Freunde, 1879, 

 p. 79 (Japan). 



Priacanthus hoops Steindachner and Doderlein, Raise Aurora, Ann. Nat. 

 Hofmus. Wien., vol. 11, 1896, p. 198 (Inland Sea of Japan). — Jordan and 

 Snyder, Check List, Ann. Zool. Jap., vol. 3, pts. 2 and 3, 1901, p. 83 (Yoko- 

 hama). — Boulenger Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., 2d ed., vol. 1, 1895, p. 357 (part 

 from Japanese and Chinese Seas, not synonymy), (not Anthias boops Forster). 



Hahitat. — Coasts of southern Japan. 



Described from two specimens 235 and 290 mm. in total length 

 from Bingo in Kiusiu, one 210 mm. from Misaki, and one 280 mm. 

 from Tokyo. All head measurements including lower jaw. 



Head 2§ in body length; depth 2 or 2J; eye 2|; maxillary 2 J 

 or 2; snout 3^; interorbital space two-thirds eye diameter; D. X, 

 12; A. Ill, 12; scales in lateral line 56, above 87-93, below 75, in 

 obliquely transverse series between insertions of dorsal and anal 

 20 to 22/45; giU-rakers 6 + 18; branchiostegals 7. 



Body deep, width 2§ in depth; profde straight from tip of lower 

 jaw to insertion of dorsal, arched most strongly along bases of soft 

 dorsal and anal. Depth of caudal peduncle two-thirds of e3"e diame- 

 ter. Tip of lower jaw produced in a prominent knob. Interorbital 

 space but slightly arched. Posterior nostril widely open, its width 

 one-third of its length; anterior nostril small, posterior edge flapped. 

 Suborbital bones coarsely serrated on both edges; preopercle ser- 

 rated somewhat less coarsely on both margins, its anterior marginal 

 ridge serrated, not covered by scales, spine not extending as far back 

 as does interopercle ; opercle not serrated, its spine not pointed but 

 serrated at tip; sub- and interopercle finely toothed, as is whole 

 exposed margin of shoulder girdle. Teeth small, pointed, in two 

 rows in both jaws, lacking at premaxillary symphyses, and in three 

 or four rows at the mandibular; in vomer in a A shaped band; on 

 palatines in narrow bands. 



