NO. 1875. THE JAPANESE SPARID.^— JORDAN AND THOMPSON. 553 



Bchr. kais. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 48, 1883, p. 11 (Osaka).— Nystrom, K. 

 Svenska Vet. Akad., vol. 13, 1887, Afd. 4, No. 4, p. 9 (Nagasaki). 

 Hapalogenys analis Richardson, Voyage Sulphur, 1846, p. 85, pi. 43, fig. 3; Ichth. 

 China and Japan, 1846, p. 235 (Canton). 



Habitat. — Coasts of southern Japan and China. 



Description of numerous specimens from Kobe, Onomichi, and 

 Hiroshima, ranging from 120 to 155 mm, in length. 



Head 2§, depth 2 in body length; eye 3^, snout 2|, preorbital 5|, 

 interorbital width, 3|; maxillary 2^ in head; D. XI, 15; A. Ill, 10. 

 Scales above lateral line 67, below 59, with pores 47, in transverse 

 series between insertions of dorsal and anal 10/26, in vertical trans- 

 verse series 10/19. Gill-rakers 8 + 15. 



Dorsal profile greatly arched, ventral very little; outline of head 

 straight, or strongly concave just back of eyes, seemingly very 

 variable in this regard; back strongly arched at insertion of dorsal, 

 but slightly so until soft dorsal is reached, where it falls quickly to 

 caudal peduncle. Interorbital region but slightly convex from eye 

 to eye. Nostrils large, close to eye, anterior one much the largest, 

 somewhat tubular, and with small flap posteriorly. Mouth large, 

 maxillary ending under middle of eye, but little exposed, jaws equal. 

 Preopercle serrate as in H. nigripinnis, post-temporal and clavicle 

 serrated more finely. 



Opercle with two obscure flat points of equal size. Teeth in jaws 

 conical, pointed, regularly and closely arranged, of moderate strength, 

 in four rows below and above, the inner three absent posteriorly. 



Dorsals deeply divided, the last spine equal to diameter of pupO. 

 Spines very strong, third longest. If in head in adult, outline of 

 spinous dorsal slightly concave or straight, a procumbent spine pres- 

 ent anteriorly. Longest dorsal ray 2J in head, outline of fiii rounded. 

 Anal spmes strong, second much stronger and longer than third, 

 then* lengths being contained respectively 2| and 4 in head. Soft 

 anal truncate or slightly rounded. Pectorals, ventrals, and caudals, 

 1§ in head, nearly of equal length save for filaments on ventrals. 



Scales roughly ctenoid, present on bases of vertical fins and a. 

 minute row extending along each side of both spines and rays half 

 or two-thu'ds of the way to their tips. A sheath also present along 

 base of spinous dorsal. Scales replaced on snout, lips, maxillary 

 and lower jaws by papillae, which are slightly longer on latter in 

 adults. 



Color on body in broad, transverse black bands, rather irregular, 

 and variable. First band from first half of spinous dorsal and pectoral 

 to ventrals as broad as length of head without snout; second band 

 from soft dorsal narrowing ventrally; third band above anal. Verti- 

 cal fins all margined narrowly with black; ventrals broadly so; pec- 

 toral clear. Peritoneum and gill cavity black, lining of mouth clear. 



