576 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.41. 



distinct from Pagrosomus, and we adopt the latter name for the 

 Japanese species. 



{ndypoc: porgy; acLfia: body.) 



Key to species. 



a^. Dorsal rays XII, 10; scales 53. 



b^. Width of preorbital 4f in head; 8 rows of scales above the lateral line; 



hyperostosis, or thickening, of supraoccipital crest at its base major, 25. 



h^. Width of preorbital 3^^- in head; 9 or 10 rows of scales above lateral line; 



hyperostosis on upper edge of supraoccipital crest auratus, 26. 



25. PAGROSOMUS MAJOR (Temminck and Schlegel). 

 TAI, AKADAI (red porgy); ODAI (big porgy); MATADAI (fork porgy). 



Chrysophrys inajor Temminck and Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, 1842, p. 71, pi. 35 

 (Nagasaki). 



Pagrus major GxInther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1859, p. 470 (China and 

 Japan). — STEiNDACHNERand Doderlein, Beitr. Fische Japan's, II, Denkschr. 

 kais. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 1883, p. 19 (Tokyo).— Nystrom, Jap. Fisksaml. K. 

 Svenska. Vet. Akad., vol. 13, Afd. 4, 1887, No. 4 (Nagasaki).— Jordan and 

 Snyder, Check List, Ann. Zool. Jap., vol. 3, pts. 2 and 3, 1901. — Kishinouye, 

 Fish. Bur. Tokyo, vol. 10, No. 3, 1901, p. 32, pis. 4, 6, 7, fig. 1 (Japan, from 

 southern part of Hokkaido to Formosa, Korea, China). (Cranium, interneu- 

 rals, and jaws figured, with an excellent colored plate.) 



Sparus major Bleeker, Enum. Poiss., Verh. kon. Akad. Amst., vol. 18, 1879. 



Pagrus unicolor Richardson, Ichth. China and Japan, 1846, p. 242 (Canton). — 

 Kner, Reise Novara Fische, 1860, p. 85 (Hongkong and Auckland). — Regan, 

 Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 15, 1905, p. 20 (Inland Sea of Japan). — 

 Steindachner, Sitzungber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 61, 1870, p. 625 (China). 



Description of numerous specimens up to 300 mm. in length from 

 Wakanoura, Aomori, Tokyo, and Nagasaki, one from Tokyo, 163 mm. 

 in body length, taken as typical : 



Head 3|- in body length; depth 2^; eye 4 in head, preorbital width 

 44; interorbital space 3 to 3|; maxillary 2^; snout 2\ to 2 J; D. XII, 

 10; A. Ill, 8; scales in longitudinal series 56 to 63; in transverse 

 series between insertions of dorsal and anal 8/16 to 18; gillrakers 

 7 to 9 + 10. 



Profile of head and occiput rising less steeply than in Evynnis car- 

 dinalis, interorbital space not as highly arched, occiput not usually 

 as gibbous; depth of preorbital contained If in its length; maxillary 

 ending under anterior margin of pupil. Width of preopercle con- 

 siderably less than width of scaled cheek. Posterior nostril slit like, 

 nearer eye and slightly longer than in Evynnis cardinalis or Taius 

 tumifrons, its distance from the eye about 6 in orbital length. Vomer 

 toothless. Teeth in upper jaw in two rows posteriorly, the inner 

 molar, the outer less so, the latter becoming more conical anteriorly, 

 the former being replaced by a band of minute granular teeth in 

 three series. Two stout canines present on either side anteriorly. 

 In lower ^'aw dentition similar^ but with three anterior canines on a 



