586 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.41. 



ceding species is called Sparus sarba, this one may well be Sparus 

 lerda. But our material is inadequate to settle either question. 



We consider Sparus chrysopterus Kishinouye identical with the 

 present species as there is no character given by which it may be 

 distinguished. The black spot ''in the anal fin near its base" is 

 represented in our specimens by a slight dusky shade. Mr. Kislii- 

 nouye gives the following translation of the original description: 



D. XI, II; A. Ill, 8. Scales 4 or 5-42-11. Pyloric coeca 4. Vertebrse 24. Height 

 of the body 2| in the total length with caudal, and the length of head 4§ in the same. 

 Snout obtuse and the supraoccipital region is a little elevated. Incisors 4-6 in each 

 jaw, and molars are weakly developed and sparsely distributed in 3 irregular rows. 

 The second spine of the anal very long, longer than the length of the insertion of the 

 same fin. Grayish or greenish gray at the back and silvery white at the abdomen. 

 A black spot respectively near the origin of the lateal line and in the anal fin near its 

 base. Ventrals, anal, and the lower lobe of the caudal yellow. 



It is told that this species grows to the length of about 36 cm. This species seems to 

 spawn in the autumn. Known from warmer parts of our country — Kiushiu, Shikoku, 

 Inland Sea, and at the Pacific coast of the central part of Hondo. 



This species is generally common m southern Japan. Our speci- 

 mens are from Wakanoura and Kobe. 

 (latus, broad.) 



29. SPARUS SWINHONIS Gunther. 

 KURODAI (black porgy). 



Chrysophrys longispinis Temminck and Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, 1843, p. 68, 

 pi. 32 (Nagasaki).^ — Richardson, Ichth. China and Japan, 1846, p. 240 (on 

 specimen of Temminck and Schlegel), (not of Cuvier and Valenciennes). 



Chrysophrys schlegeli Bleeker, Japan, Nat. Tijd. Ned. Ind., vol. 6, 1854, p. 400 

 (Nagasaki) (part, not of described specimen); Nieuwe Nalez. Verh. Bat. 

 Gen., vol. 26, 1857, p. 86 (after above). (See Versl. kon. Acad. Wet., 2 Rks., 

 vol. 11, 1876, p. 7.) 



Sparus sivinhonis GtJNTHEK, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1874, p. 155 (Chifu in 

 Chma). 



Sparus schlegeli Bleeker, Versl. kon. Acad. Wet., 2 Rks., vol. 11, 1876, p. 2 

 (Nagasaki), (not of Nieuwe Nalez., p. 86). — Jordan and Snyder, Check List, 

 Ann. Zool. Jap., vol. 3, pts.. 2 and 3, 1901, p. 80 (Japan), (in part). 



Sparus longispinis Jordan and Richardson, Fishes Formosa, Mem. Carnegie 

 Mus., vol. 4. No. 4, 1909 (Takao). 



Habitat. — Coasts of southern Japan and China. 



Description of a specimen from Kobe, one from Wakanoura, and 

 12 from Tokyo. Body lengths from 60 to 225 mm. 



Head 3 J in length of body, depth 2§; eye 4§ to 5 in head; depth 

 of preorbital 6; D. XI, 12; anal III, 8; scales in longitudinal series 

 53 to 56 to last vertebra; in transverse series between insertions of 

 dorsal and of anal 7/15; gill-rakers 6 + 8. 



Dorsal profile similar to that of Sparus latus; straight from snout 

 to occiput; most strongly arched anteriorly; sometimes slightly con- 

 cave behind eyes. Snout somewhat pointed, upper profile not over- 

 hanging premaxillaries. Lower jaw not included, equal to upper. 



