152 
Aquatic Zile 
it is quite out of the question to present 
the various classifications proposed by 
any of the above named ichthyologists, as 
that would occupy too much space. The 
readers of this short biographical history 
would gain nothing by it, for all of those 
classifications are, to a greater or less 
degree, now much modified by writers 
of modern times. The era between the 
years 1760 and 1860 was filled in by 
many writers in this field, the majority 
being, however, pre-Cuvierian ones. For 
example, we find the works of Patrick 
Russel, F. Hamilton, E. Donovan, A. 
Risso, and finally, in 1815, a work on the 
fishes of New York by S. L. Mitchell. 
Although only seventy years elapsed 
between the days of Linnzus and Cuvier, 
the advances made in the science of ich- 
thyology were simply enormous. These 
were principally along the lines of the 
knowledge—the accurate knowledge—of 
the significance of taxonomic groups, 
based upon distribution in time and upon 
morphological characters; upon the 
anatomy and physiology of fishes, and 
upon many of the extinct forms. 
In concluding this part, it may be said, 
in truth, that, notwithstanding the bril- 
liancy of the light shed on scientific ich- 
thyology by Artedi, who preceded Lin- 
neus, and the glorious contributions to 
the subject by Bloch, Lacepede and 
Cuvier, who followed him, it must be ad- 
mitted that the impetus given the study 
of fishes by the Systema of Linnzeus 
must ever be regarded as the great cen- 
tral light of the middle period of the 
eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. 
This being the case, we may well devote 
the illustrations of this part to the illus- 
trious Swede, who accomplished so 
much that redounds to the credit of bio- 
logical science. For the two portraits I 
here present of Linnzeus to the readers of 
Aguatic Lire I am indebted to the gen- 
erosity of (Col ©. ©) McCulloch, jr5or 
the Medical Corps of the Army, who is 
librarian of the Army Medical Museum 
of the Surgeon General’s Office, and to 
Mr. Cary R. Sage, assistant librarian of 
that institution, who selected them for 
their present use. In this library there 
is a wonderful gallery of portraits, and 
these two of Carl Linne were selected 
from it, copies being made for me by 
Mr. Roy Reeve, the official photographer 
of the Museum. In Fig. 1 we have a 
portrait of Linne, somewhat past middle 
life, while in Fig. 2 he is considerably 
younger, or, as indicated in the legend, 
about 41 years of age. Historically, these 
portraits are of great value, and have not 
appeared anywhere in literature or bio- 
graphical sketches for a great many 
years; they cannot fail of being appreci- 
ated by students of ichthyology in any 
part of the world where they may be 
seen. 
BIS SLE as 
The aquarian should at all times use 
the scientific names of fishes in pref- 
erence to a manufactured or common 
name; then there will be no mistaking 
the particular fish about which he may 
be talking. 
Babe is iep 
A little fish from Africa, recently 
made known to science, bears the tongue- 
twisting name of Microstomatichthyo- 
borus bashforddeam. Written in “long 
hand” the name is just about twice as 
long as the fish. 
Boe 
Most exotic fish fanciers endeavor to 
breed a greater number of species than 
their equipment can handle. The usual 
result is under-sized fish, due to crowd- 
ing. 
sara 
The waters are nature’s storehouse, in 
which she locks up her wonders.— 
Walton. 
