88 Dr. R. Kossman on the Entoniscide. 
figured by both observers. Fraisse indicates them in his 
fig. 5 (pl. ii.) by the letter O; but explains them quite 
wrongly, as follows :—‘ Ova which are deposited in strings 
in the interior of the body and then project into the brood- 
chamber at various spots, in swellings of this kind.” In the 
text a similar conception is somewhat indistinctly recognizable. 
On page 13 we find:—‘“ The brood-chambers situated at the 
sides of the parasite have been produced by arching of the 
skin, which contracts on the sides of the body, and so forms 
irregular cavities, which are partially supported by firm 
chitinous ribs. - These cavities communicate with the interior 
of the body, and in the middle stage of the life of the animal 
are separated from the body-cavity only by spongy connective 
tissue. Subsequently the ova, deposited in long connected blind 
sacs, penetrate through the loose tissue and also occupy these 
brood-chambers.”” And at p. 20 :—“ The older ova are de- 
posited in long cecal tubes, which now occupy not only the 
body-cavity, previously containing only the middle intestine, 
but also for the most part displace the spongy connective 
tissue which forms the body-parenchyma. ‘The skin of the 
body is forced into multifarious diverticula, of which, how- 
ever, only the two figured* appear to be constant.” 
I hope the friendly naturalist, who even in this very me- 
moir has furnished such meritorious results, will forgive me 
if I suggest that in these statements his imagination has 
carried him too far. The ova of a Crustacean, an Isopod, 
deposited in cecal tubes in the interior of the body-cavity, are 
said to make their way through its loose connective tissue 
into brood-chambers formed by the lifting up of the skin of 
the body! But would not all this be much, very much, more 
surprising than that dorsal brood-chamber in Phryzxus for the 
adoption of which Fraisse so heavily reproaches M. Hesse ? 
And how simple is the truth in this case. Fraisse’s cecal 
sacs, In which the ova are supposed to be deposited, are in 
reality the branches of the ovary, which also completely fills 
these two protuberances; and they get out of this ovary, not 
through gaps in the connective tissue, but through a pair of 
quite normally placed female sexual apertures, not under the 
lifted integument, but entirely external, 7. e. under the pro- 
tection of the brood-leaves, and of course within the sac in 
which the entire parasite is enclosed. 
These two protuberances are also figured by Guard (5, 
pl. xlvi. figs. 1 and 26&y). But while even by Fraisse, in 
consequence of spiral twisting of the specimen figured, the 
* These are the ventral protuberances now under discussion. 
