Pemphix, Glyphea, and Areosternus. 137 
which are still imperfectly known, differ more from the fol- 
lowing legs than in the Palinurt. The anterior margin of the 
carapace is prolonged into a point, and, in particular, into an 
elongated, lancet-shaped ray *. 
Quenstedt, in his ‘ Handbuch der Petrefaktenkunde,’ asso- 
ciates Pemphix Sueurt with the Locustina, and describes it 
under the old name of Palinurus Sueurt. He places it there- 
fore among the Macrurous Crustacea of which the first pair 
of limbs has no pincers. After describing the carapace with its 
furrows and tubercles, the caudal fin, and the antenne, the 
author goes on to say, “The examination of the legs is more 
difficult. For a long time we knew nothing of them with 
certainty ; but at length, in 1842, Hermann von Meyer gave 
us some light upon them. According to him the anterior legs 
are stronger than the others, and terminate in a pincer. Al- 
though on examining the figure one is not convinced of the 
fact, it is nevertheless certain that the following legs bear 
pincers. In the Muschelkalk of Wiesen, in Switzerland, I 
found a specimen in which the last joint of the first pair, 
which, according to von Meyer, should be a pincer, is perfectly 
preserved ; it terminates only with a claw, as in the Locuste’’. 
For the purpose which | propose to attain it is not neces- 
sary to speak more in detail of Pemphix Sueurt; we shall 
revert to this Crustacean after having studied the genus 
Glyphea and the genus Areosternus. 
Ill. Historical Sketch of the Genus Glypheat. 
In 1822 Desmarest published the description of a fossil 
Crustacean forming part of the collection in the Paris Museum. 
He described this specimen under the name of Palinurus, and 
gave the following diagnosis of the genus :— 
““Carapace elongate cylindroid, having various regions, 
especially the stomachal and the branchial, very clearly 
marked, and presenting anfractuosities and impressed lines in 
greater number than those of the rest of the other Macru- 
rous Crustacea; lateral antenne very long and very stout. 
“‘ Legs terminated by pointed joints” §. 
The specimen was from the limestone of Monte Boleca. 
Pictet, in speaking of this specimen, calls it Palinurus 
guadricornis, Desm., although Desmarest gives this name to 
the common recent Palinurus ||. 
* Pictet, Traité de Paléontologie, tome ii. p. 444. 
+ Quenstedt, Handb. der Petref. p. 324. 
{ This “ Historical Sketch” has been considerably abridged in the 
translation. 
§ Brongn. et Desm. Hist. Nat. des Crust. foss. p. 181. 
|| Pictet, Joc, crt. p. 448. 
