314° M. T. C. Winkler on 
Crustacea of the Lithographic Limestone has as yet been met: 
with in the Cretaceous; it has sufficed for Nature to inter- 
pose the Kimmeridgian and the Portlandian to cause the dis- 
appearance of all similarity, all identity between the species 
of Crustacea of the Jurassic and Cretaceous deposits. But 
the genus has survived during the successive changes of the 
earth’s crust ; witness the genus Glyphea, which we have at 
present in hand, which has existed from the Lias, and perhaps 
even from the Trias, to the Tertiary beds of Monte Bolea, and 
even to the present day in the form of Areosternus. 
Let us now turn our attention to the alternate development 
and decrease of the genus Glyphea during the successive 
periods of its existence. In the Trias it presents itself for the 
first time in the form of the genus Pemphiz, consisting of two 
species, P. Sueurt and P. Alberti, Meyer. Inthe Lower Lias 
the species have increased in number, as we already find in it 
four species—Glyphea grandis, Mey., and G. Heert, G. 
major, and G'. alpina, Opp. In the Middle Lias we only 
know three species, G. liasina, Mey., and G. Terquemi and 
G. amalthea, Opp. It would appear that in the Bradfordian 
external conditions were unfavourable to the genus; we onl 
meet with a single species, G. pustulosa, Mey. In the Infe- 
rior Oolite there exist two species, G. solitaria and G. crassa ; 
and the same number occur in the Kellowian, G. Martini, 
Htall., and G. ornata, Quenst. But in the Oxfordian the 
genus Glyphea attains its greatest development ; it there pre- 
sents as many as eight species—G. Regleyana, Mey.*, G. 
Etalloni, Opp.t, G. vulgaris, Mey.}, G. speciosa, Mey., G: 
Miinstert, Mey.§, G. ventrosa, Mey., G. Udressiert, Mey.||, 
and G. Mandelslohi, Mey. In the period that follows the 
Oxfordian, in the deposits of the Lithographic Limestone, the 
number of species is considerably diminished; we only meet 
with four species, namely G. pseudoscyllarus, Mey.§, G@. 
squamosa, Mey.**, G. tenuis, Opp., and G. Semanni,Opp. In 
the Corallian only two species appear, G. Bronni, Rém., and 
G. Perroni, Etall. The Kimmeridgian, on the other hand, 
contains double the number of the preceding formation ; we find 
in it G. gratiosa, Opp.TT, G. rostrata, M‘Coytt, G.jurensis, Opp., 
and G. Meyeri, Opp. In the Cretaceous period the number 
* Palinurus Regleyanus, Desm. 
+ Glyphea rostrata, Etall. non Phill. 
t Palinurus Regleyanus, Desm. 
§ Palinurus Minsteri, Voltz. 
|| Palinurus squammifer, EK. Desl. 
4| Macrourites, sp., Schl. ** Orphnea, sp., Miinst. 
tT Selenisca gratiosa, Mey. {]. Astacus rostratus, M‘Coy. 
