ON THE CARBON IFEKOUS POLTZOA. 77 



mass -whicli are still known by the same name, but the last are now 

 referred to the Fenestellidce. 



The species of CeUepora are now placed with Chceteies, and most, 

 if not all, of the Ccriopora of the Palasozoic era are also referred to 

 Chceteies and to Alveolites. 



The use of the term Betepora, as applied to Palseozoic fauna, has been 

 abandoned, and the better defined generic term Fenestella used instead ; 

 but Lonsdale,^ in his otherwise clearly defined characters of this genus, 

 included both Fenestella and Polypora types in the one description of the 

 genus. 



However we may differ, at the present time, from Mr. John Phillips^ 

 in his arrangement of the ' Zoophyta ' found in the Carboniferous rocks 

 of Yorkshire, we must give him the credit for being amongst the first 

 to attempt a division between Corals and Polyzoa ; but in the use of 

 Lamarck's genus Millepora for some of his species, he seems to have 

 been very undecided as to the true character of his fossils. 



Phillips describes eight species of Betepora defining certain terms 

 which he uses, such as fenestmles, dissepiments, and interstices — terms 

 still used in later descriptions of Fenestella. His species were B. mein- 

 branacea, flahellata, tenuifila, imdulata, irregularis, polyporata, nodulosa, 

 and laxa. The poverty of Phillips' diagnosis renders identification of 

 his species a very diflBcult matter, but some of his species were so truly 

 typical in their general, as well as in their minute characters, as to enable 

 Mr. G. W. Shrubsole, in his elaborate review of the Fenestellidce,^ to 

 retain three of them as types of his very restricted Carboniferous forms. 

 The retained species are : — 



Fenestella memhranacea, Svno. < -0' ^ 7 ?V ^ ' 



' •' (^ F. flahellata „ 



„ nodulosa, Phill. 



„ polyporata „ 

 The Betepora fltistriformis, Phill. has been placed as a synonym of F. 

 plebeia, M'Coy, by Mr. Shrubsole,'* and as Ptylopora by Morris.^ By 

 Phillips it was regarded as the Millepora flustriformis^ of Martyn, and he 

 also said it resembled the Oorgonia antiqua of Goldfuss. Betepwa pluma, 

 Phill., is now Olauconome ; and Flustra ? parallela, which Phillips describes 

 as ' Linear : longitudinally and deeply furrowed, cells in the furrows, in 

 quincunx, their apertures oval, prominent ' " — M'Coy * refei's to the 

 genus Vincularia, Defranc, and Morris ^ places it and another species of 

 M'Coy's with the genus Sulcoretepora, D'Orb. This species has no afiinities 

 with any of these genera ; it appears to me to be the Carboniferous de- 

 scendant of the more ancient Ptilodicfa, Lonsd. (= Stidopora, Hall). 

 The non-cellnliferous, striated, sometimes rugose margin, and the central 

 laminar axis, or septum, which divides the cells of opposite sides, are 

 almost always present in the Carboniferous species. I shall, therefore, 

 prefer to leave the Flustra? which Phill. describes with the Ptilodicfa as 

 P. parallela, Phill., and this reference is founded upon original investigation 

 of various specimens of Ptilodicta, of the American Silurian species,'" 



' Otology of Mussia. * Catalof/uc of British Fossils. 



^ Geology of YwksMrc, 1836. " Petrefac. JDprMeiisia. 



' Qnartcrhj Jour, of Geo. Soc. for May, 1879. ' Geo. of Yorkshire. 



* Ibid. p. 278. s Syn. Carh. Fas. of Ireland. 

 ' Catalogue of British Fossils. 



'" Niagara Group : Palaontol. of New York, Hall, vol. ii. ; Nat. Hist. New York, 

 part 4. 



